Alfred Carlton Gilbert(1884-1961) was a man of many ideas and talents. As a small boy, he kept trying new things. At age 12, he started a sports club for his friends and got their school to have a field day with active games and prizes. As he grew and practiced, Gilbert became skilled at pole vaulting(撑杆跳高), pull-ups, the long jump and football.

Gilbert broke the world record for pull-ups in 1900 and the distance record for running long dive in 1902. And he won a gold medal in the pole vault at the Olympic Games in 1908. By that time, he had nearly finished medical studies. Choosing not to make medicine his career, Gilbert co-founded Mysto Manufacturing, a manufacturer of magic sets, in 1907. Gilbert had amused his friends and earned college money by doing magic tricks, so he knew what was needed. One day, Gilbert saw workers using steel girders(钢梁) to build towers for power lines. That gave him the idea for the Erector Set, a popular construction toy.

In 1917, the Council of National Defense thought no toys should be produced for Christmas because the country was fighting in World War I. Gilbert and other men from the Toy Manufacturers of America went to Washington, with about 40 different toys. They had 15 minutes to speak. This meeting was at the end of a long, hard day. Gilbert told the government men at the meeting how toys helped children learn. His helpers brought out the toys. Soon, the tired government men were on the floor, playing with building sets, models of navy ships, and other toys. The time limit was forgotten; so was the Christmas toy ban(禁令).

Gilbert spent the rest of his life improving erector sets. His company made and sold the sets, plus chemistry and other science sets and toy trains. He made items for homes, businesses, and the army. When he died in 1961, he had 150 patents (专利)for his many inventions. But his main joy was in helping children learn and have fun at the same time.

a.He argued against a ban on toy production.

b.He broke the world record for pull-ups.

c.He set up a manufacturer of magic sets.

d.He started a sports club for his friends.

e.He won a gold medal in the pole vault.

   Andrew Carnegie once said，"No man can become rich without himself enriching others. The man who dies rich dies disgraced." Many successful businessmen think about sharing and giving back to their community at some point in their lives，and take part in philanthropy（慈善行为）.Some say it is out of generosity，and others believe that it is for tax reasons. One way or another，the money spent for charitable purposes is needed and has some type of impact on someone's life. The following businessmen believe that sharing is caring. They have donated（捐赠）a combined amount of $ 106.8 billion according to research firm Wealth-X.

German Dietmar Hopp co-founded SAP AG，the famous software company. Through his foundation called Dietmar-Hopp-Stiftung，he donated a total of $1 billion to support local education，sports，and health causes in his hometown in Germany. He is worth $ 6.3 billion.

Pierre Omidyar，the French-born Iranian- American businessman is the founder of eBay. In 1998，he started the Omidyar Foundation with his wife. The organization donates to several areas，food，technology and energy etc. In 2015，Omidyar reportedly donated $ 270 million worth of his eBay shares to undisclosed（未公开的）charity. So far，he has given away $ 1 billion or so.

The chairman and CEO of the computer manufacturer，Dell，likes to support education，social and human services，the arts and culture，and community development causes. According to Wealth-X，his lifetime donations are about $ 1.1 billion. His foundation promised to donate $ 25 million to build a 211-bed hospital in Austin，Texas.

James Simons is the chairman of Renaissance Technologies, a very successful firm that owns $ 65billion. With his wife Marilyn, he opened the Simons Foundation, which primarily supports educational causes. They have also opened two other organizations in memory of their two sons who died in 1996 and in 2003: the Paul Simons Foundation and the Nick Simons Foundation. Altogether, the Simons couple have made $ 1.2 billion worth of donations.

According to a recent survey, violence（暴力）did exist in schools. Students showed their fear and parents and teachers also 【小题1】（express）their great concern about it. Experts hope 【小题2】 whole society should pay more attention to the psychological health of teenagers.

Nowadays, school violence is a hot issue. I think this is a phenomenon（现象）, which 【小题3】（call）for our great concern. We should make every effort 【小题4】（prevent）violence happening at school for more and more students would drop out of school if their personal 【小题5】（safe）could not be guaranteed（保证）. In fact, violence can be learned. 【小题6】（actual）, children learn violent behavior from adults or from 【小题7】 they see on television or on the Internet.

If I meet with school violence, I will not answer violence with violence, for it will result in 【小题8】（much）fighting. I will tell my teachers and parents about it. I think they will help me deal with it well and they will protect me 【小题9】 the bad guys.

All in all, we students should behave 【小题10】（we） and keep away from violence.

   The winter skies are grey and it’s cold outside. The nights come early and we spend a lot more time ____ and alone. Many people ____winter: so cold, so dark, so boring. But I like winter because I have more time to read.

For many students reading means school; it means ____. Reading is something your teacher assigns and it’s something you’re ____. Reading is something you have to do, not something you want to do. But for me and many other people, reading is the most ____thing we can imagine. Getting lost in a good book can ____a cold winter evening disappear. Dull grey skies are no ____for the fantastic adventures of Frodo in The Lord of the Rings《指环王》，or for romantic trouble-making of Jane Austen’s Emma《爱玛》, or for the youthful problems of Holden Caulfield in The Catcher in the Rye《麦田守望者》.

All of those books are studied in North American high schools. They are interesting and well written books that ____young people. ____, even there, many high school students don’t enjoy reading the books because they are ____their school work: “Oh, my God! Two hundred pages! I’ll never be able to read ____much.” But sometimes a funny thing happens. They begin to read and they begin to follow the ____. Suddenly, the world inside the book becomes more exciting and more wonderful than the world they ____. At the moment the thought ____reading is work disappears and reading becomes ____.

Reading anything is ____but reading good books is a terrific way to improve your English. Good writers write English very well and ____you with good examples to follow. And good books will tell you more about English ____: what people think, how they talk, how they interact with each other. But don’t let me ____it by telling you that reading is good for you. Just think of it as a good way to ____on a cold winter evening.