Blind people can read. They do so by running their fingers along a line of raised points or dots on paper. Of course, they first have to learn the code（代码）. Here are some examples of it. One dot stands for the letter “A”. Two dots side by side mean “C”. Four dots arranged to look like a box（：：） stand for the letter “G”. By placing the dots in special patterns, all the letters of the alphabet can be formed.

This code was made up by a Frenchman called Louis Braille. Though he could see at birth, he became sightless when he was only three. Braille was cutting leather in his father’s shop. His knife slipped and cut his eye. Infection（感染）spread to both eyes, and he became blind.

At 10, he was placed in a home for the blind. But young Braille had great talent. He became a skilled musician and soon got a job as a church organist（风琴弹奏者）in Paris.

Because he had talent and was quick, he became a teacher at a school for the blind. While there, he heard that a captain had sent messages to his soldiers that they could read at night without light. His messages were in the simple form of raised dots and dashes. This was the clue Braille needed. At the age of 15, he worked out his own six-dot code. Each group of dots is called a cell. The cells are three dots high and two dots wide. For the rest of his life, Braille taught his young flock to read both written and musical works using his code.

For the last 17 years of his life, Braille was ill with tuberculosis. He died at the age of 43.

【小题1】What is the text mainly about?

A．Different reading methods.	B．Blind people around the world.
C．How blind people communicate.	D．Louis Braille and his six-dot code.

【小题2】Louis Braille developed an alphabet for blind people after he __________.

A．worked as an organist	B．became blind as a young child
C．became a skilled musician in a church	D．was inspired by a captain’s messages

【小题3】The underlined word “flock” in Paragraph 4 probably refers to “____________”.

A．soldiers	B．blind students
C．famous teachers	D．skilled musicians

【小题4】The text is developed ______________.

A．in time order	B．in space order
C．by listing examples	D．by making comparisons

请结合以下要点,写一篇有关史蒂芬·霍金（Stephen Hawking）的文章。要点:
1. 他于1942年1月8日出生于英国。
2. 他在20多岁的时候,患上了一种无法治愈的疾病;
3. 1988年，他出版了《时间简史》（A Brief History of Time） ;迄今为止这本书已销售逾1亿册;
4. 他于2018年3月14日去世,享年76岁;
5. 人们因他在物理学上作出的巨大贡献而尊重他。
注意:1. 词数100左右;2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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   Ed Murrow was a famous radio program producer in the 1940s.In the United States，the rise of television in the 1950s ended the period called the Golden Age of Radio Broadcasting. Most of the popular shows vanished. More and more people started watching television. Ed Murrow and his boys moved to television as a result. He joined with Fred Friendly to create the series See It Now.

This show lasted from 1951 to 1958.Some broadcasts on See It Now concerned important issues（议题）of race，war and government dishonesty. Experts said the program was important in the history of television.

Murrow also started another television show called Person to Person. He spoke with famous people in their homes. One episode（一集）visited Eleanor Roosevelt，wife of former President Franklin D. Roosevelt. The show also visited actress Marilyn Monroe，actor Marlon Brando and Senator John F. Kennedy.

Ed Murrow also produced a number of special programs for CBS. One such program was called Harvest of Shame. It showed the hard life and poor living conditions of farm workers who moved from place to place. Some people said this program was so powerful that it influenced American lawmakers to take measures to protect these migrant workers.

After John F. Kennedy was elected president，he asked the newsman to lead the United States Information Agency. Murrow served as the agency's director from 1961 to 1964.Then he retired from the job. He died in 1965 at his farm in Pawling，New York. He was fifty-seven years old.

Today, Edward Murrow is remembered for his influence on broadcasting and the quality of his reporting. Former CBS chairman William Paley once said Murrow was a man born for his time and work.

Paley called him a student, a thinker, and at heart, a poet of mankind. As a result, he said Murrow was a great reporter.

【小题1】The underlined word "vanished" in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to"______".

A．changed	B．Improved
C．succeeded	D．disappeared

【小题2】According to Paragraph 3, the television show Person to Person was most probably a _______.

A．talk show	B．soap opera
C．talent show	D．documentary

【小题3】Some people believed that Harvest of Shame _______.

A．was called the best program of CBS

B．was created mainly for lawmakers

C．once influenced American lawmakers

D．encouraged farm workers to move around

【小题4】What does the writer mostly want to tell us in the last paragraph?

A．Ed Murrow greatly influenced the development of TV shows.

B．Ed Murrow still has an effect on TV shows today.

C．Ed Murrow was a man good at many things.

D．Ed Murrow was a great reporter.

William Herschel was born on November 15th, 1738 in Hanover in a family of musicians. In 1757,he fled to England and began earning a living as an organist and later composer and conductor. In 1772, he convinced his sister Caroline to join him as a singer. In their spare time the brother-sister team became occupied in astronomy. William died at his home in Slough, near Windsor on August 25th,1822,and Caroline on September 1st,1848.
Herschel’s first major discoveries were to show that Mars and Jupiter exhibit axial rotation(绕轴自转). Herschel struck fame in 1781,when on March 13th he discovered the planet Uranus(天王星) while engaged in work aimed at determining stellar parallax(恒星视差).This being the first new planet discovered since ancient times, Herschel, until then a mere amateur astronomer relatively unknown even in England, became world-famous. Adopting a historically proven strategy, Herschel named the new planet Georgium Sidum,in honor of the then ruling English king GeorgeⅢ. The trick worked once again, as King GeorgeⅢ gave William and Caroline the titles of“The King’s Astronomer”and“Assistant to the King’s Astronomer”, an honor which came with a life’s pension for both. In 1782 they moved to Bath, and shortly thereafter to Slough, and from this point on William and Caroline could devote themselves entirely to astronomy. The Herschels went on to discover two moons of Uranus in 1787.
While Caroline became increasingly occupied with the search for comets at which she was quite successful, William became for a time interested in the Sun. Inspired by Wilson’s 1774 work, he put forth the theory of sunspots(太阳黑子),an opinion that continued to exist well into the nineteenth century. In 1800,he became interested in the solar spectrum(太阳光谱),and uncovered the first evidence for solar energy output outside of the visible spectrum, in what is now known as the infrared(红外线).In 1801, he published two papers that effectively started the field of solar influences on Earth’s weather.
【小题1】Herschel made himself known to the world mainly by .

A．discovering the planet Uranus

B．determining stellar parallax

C．discovering two moons of Uranus

D．uncovering the evidence for the infrared

【小题2】It can be inferred from the passage that George Ⅲ .

A．liked science and technology

B．liked Herschel’s naming of the new planet

C．was interested in astronomy

D．gave Herschel a lot of useful suggestions

【小题3】What do we know about Caroline from the passage?

A．She was successful in music.

B．She was given the title of“The King’s Astronomer”.

C．She died later than her brother.

D．She published two papers.

【小题4】This passage mainly tells readers .

A．some information about Herschel and his sister

B．how Herschel and his sister discovered the planet Uranus

C．Herschel and Caroline got along well with each other

D．Herschel and Caroline’s major scientific publications

Steve Jobs knew from an early age that he was adopted (收养). “My parents were very open with me about that,” he recalled. He had a clear memory of sitting in the yard of his house, when he was six or seven years old, telling the girl who lived across the street. “Does that mean your real parents didn’t want you?” the girl asked. “My whole world was falling apart,” according to Jobs. “I remember running into the house, crying. And my parents said, ‘No, you have to understand.’ They were very serious and looked me straight in the eyes. They said, ‘We specially picked you out.’ Both of my parents said that and repeated it slowly for me. And they stressed every word in that sentence.”
Abandoned (被抛弃). Chosen. Special. These words became part of who Jobs was and how he thought of himself. His closest friends think that the knowledge that he was given up at birth left some scars (伤疤). “He wants to control everything because of his personality and the fact that he was abandoned at birth,” said one longtime colleague (同事), Del Yocam.“He wants to control his environment, and he sees his product as a part of himself.” Greg Calhoun, who became close to Jobs right after college, saw another effect. “Steve talked to me a lot about being abandoned,” he said. “It caused great pains and made him independent. He was different from others because he was born into a different world.”
Later in life, Jobs became a father and abandoned one of his children. Andy Hertzfeld, who worked with Jobs at Apple in the early 1980s, is among the few who remained close to Jobs. “To understand Jobs, you have to know the reason why he can’t control himself and is sometimes cruel and harmful to others,” he said. “That goes back to being abandoned at birth. The real problem was the theme of abandonment in Steve’s life.”
【小题1】Which of the following is true about Jobs’ childhood?

A．He left his parents at the age of six or seven.

B．He was shocked knowing he was abandoned.

C．He couldn’t remember how he was abandoned.

D．His parents chose him because his family was poor.

【小题2】What did Del Yocam think of Jobs?

A．He hated to be born with scars.

B．He liked to get things under control.

C．He enjoyed good working environment.

D．He wanted to influence everyone.

【小题3】What does the underlined word “it” in the second paragraph refer to?

A．The fact that Jobs was abandoned.

B．Jobs’ pain from the abandonment.

C．Jobs’ talk with Greg Calhoun.

D．The world where Jobs lived.

【小题4】What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

A．Jobs didn’t bring up any children.

B．Jobs had a lot of close friends.

C．Abandonment influenced Jobs.

D．Nobody likes Jobs’ character.

【小题5】What is the best title for this text?

A．Steve Jobs	B．Jobs’ Childhood
C．The Abandonment	D．A Terrible Memory