题干

   Facial expressions carry meaning that is determined by situations and relationships. For example, in American culture (文化) the smile is in general an expression of pleasure. Yet it also has other uses. A woman’s smile at a police officer does not carry the same meaning as the smile she gives to a young child. A smile may show love or politeness. It can also hide true feelings. It often causes confusion (困惑) across cultures. For example, many people in Russia consider smiling at strangers in public to be unusual and even improper. Yet many Americans smile freely at strangers in public places (although this is less common in big cities).Some Russians believe that Americans smile in the wrong places; some Americans believe that Russians don’t smile enough. In Southeast Asian cultures, a smile is frequently used to cover painful feelings. Vietnamese people may tell a sad story but end the story with a smile.

Our faces show emotions (情感), but we should not attempt to "read" people from another culture as we would "read" someone from our own culture. The fact that members of one culture do not express their emotions as openly as do members of another does not mean that they do not experience emotions.

Rather, there are cultural differences in the amount of facial expressions permitted. For example, in public and in formal situations many Japanese do not show their emotions as freely as Americans do. When with friends, Japanese and Americans seem to show their emotions similarly.

It is difficult to generalize about Americans and facial expressiveness because of personal and cultural differences in the United States. People from certain cultural backgrounds in the United States seem to be more facially expressive than others. The key is to try not to judge people whose ways of showing emotion are different. If we judge according to our own cultural habits, we may make the mistake of "reading" the other person incorrectly.

【小题1】What does the smile usually mean in America?
A.Love.B.Politeness.
C.Joy.D.Thankfulness.
【小题2】The author mentions the smile of the Vietnamese to prove that smile can ___ .
A.show friendliness to strangers
B.be used to hide true feelings
C.be used in the wrong places
D.show personal habits
【小题3】What should we do before attempting(尝试) to "read" people?
A.Learn about their relations with others.
B.Understand their cultural backgrounds.
C.Find out about their past experience.
D.Figure out what they will do next.
【小题4】What would be the best title for the test?
A.Cultural Differences
B.Smiles and Relationship
C.Facial Expressiveness
D.Habits and Emotions
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同类题5

   Some years ago, I was hired by an American bank. I received a letter from the head of the Personnel Department that _______. "Dear John, I am quite pleased that you have decided to join us." That "quite" _______ me. I thought he was saying" We're _______ pleased you decided to join us although I _______ we had hired someone else. "Then I discovered that in American English "quite" sometimes means "very", _______ in British English it means "fairly".

So the _______ lesson about working in other countries is to _______ the language and by that I don't just _______ the words people speak. It contains _______ language, dress, manners, ideas and so on. The way people do things ________ many of the differences we see between cultures.

Some of these differences may be only on the surface-dress, food and hours of work-while ________ may be deeper and take longer to deal with. Mostly, it is just a question of getting used to the ________ and accepting them, like the climate, while we're getting on with business.

Some of the differences may be a(n)________. People are ________ polite; the service is better; you ask something to be done and it happens without having to ask again.________, other differences can be ________ punctuality(准时).If you invite people to a party at 7 o'clock, your guests will consider it polite to ________ exactly on time in Germany, five minutes early in the American Midwest, an hour early in Japan, 15 minutes afterwards in the UK, up to an hour afterwards in Italy and some in the evening in Greece. I ________ not to use the word "late" because there is nothing wrong with the ________ people base their behavior on. It is simply ________ in their own country.

【小题1】
A.wroteB.statedC.startedD.reminded
【小题2】
A.shockedB.saddenedC.annoyedD.delighted
【小题3】
A.a lot ofB.little ofC.a bit ofD.kind of
【小题4】
A.wishB.expectC.suggestD.deny
【小题5】
A.whileB.asC.sinceD.when
【小题6】
A.importantB.lastC.firstD.interesting
【小题7】
A.speakB.learnC.appreciateD.use
【小题8】
A.careB.meanC.writeD.tell
【小题9】
A.localB.writtenC.bodyD.spoken
【小题10】
A.showsB.expressesC.announcesD.notices
【小题11】
A.someB.anotherC.otherD.others
【小题12】
A.differencesB.climatesC.lifestylesD.languages
【小题13】
A.requirementB.encouragementC.excitementD.improvement
【小题14】
A.lessB.moreC.veryD.likely
【小题15】
A.InsteadB.BesidesC.HoweverD.Moreover
【小题16】
A.disappointingB.promisingC.troublingD.pleasing
【小题17】
A.turn upB.turn downC.drop outD.call up
【小题18】
A.wantB.hopeC.hateD.prefer
【小题19】
A.ruleB.timeC.cultureD.habit
【小题20】
A.honestB.meaningfulC.acceptableD.repeated