题干

   Forcing waiters and waitresses to survive on tips from customers rather than normal wages is a pointless, rough, and unique American custom that, in the past several years, a handful of progressive restaurant owners have attempted to do away with. Now one of the most famous names in the dining business says he’s about to join their ranks. Danny Meyer, CEO of Union Square Hospitality Group, has announced that he plans to gradually stop tipping at the company’s 13 restaurants.

What, exactly, is wrong with tipping? To start with, leaving a waiter’s pay in the hands of customers causes a feeling of discrimination (歧视). In theory, handing restaurant customers the power to tip is at least supposed to inspire better, more attentive service. This fails in practice because humans turn out to be pretty arbitrary (随心所欲的) about their tipping behavior. Research has shown that the amount diners leave has very little to do with their level of satisfaction. All of this doesn’t encourage waiters and waitresses to do anything but turn over as many tables as possible.

Tipping is also very unfair to kitchen staff. The law allows restaurants to divide tips among front-of-the- house workers like waiters, hosts, and hostesses, but not cooks. This creates a system in which the people serving the food in a restaurant can earn more than the people preparing it.

One of the most appealing parts of Meyer’s move is that, unlike some restaurant owners who have taken an anti-tipping view, he won’t simply add a standard extra charge to diners’ bills. Rather, Union Square Hospitality Group intends to raise menu prices enough to fully cover the cost of a meal. If Meyer manages to move away from tipping at all without hurting his profits, it will almost certainly set the stage for others to follow suit.

【小题1】What do we know about the restaurants stopping tipping in Paragraph 1?
A.Their number is growing.
B.Their aim is to make more money.
C.They are damaging waiters and waitresses, profits.
D.They are widely supported by customers.【小题2】What’s waiters and waitresses’ attitude toward the present tipping custom?
A.They are encouraged to work hard to get tips.
B.They are against it for they get different tips.
C.They think it’s fair to their work labor.
D.Not all of them are satisfied with it.【小题3】What will customers feel after dinning in Danny Meyer’s restaurants?
A.Eating there is cheaper. B. The service there is better.
B.The price of the food is higher.    D. The restaurants are more crowded.【小题4】What would be the best title of the text?
A.The disadvantages of tipping B. Difficulties faced by restaurants
B.How to run restaurants successfully D. Some restaurants are removing tipping
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同类题3

    With around 100 students scheduled to be in that 9:00 am Monday morning lecture, it is no surprise that almost 20 people actually make it to the class and only 10 of them are still awake after the first 15 minutes; it is not even a surprise that most of them are still in their pajama’s(睡衣). Obviously, students are terrible at adjusting their sleep cycles to their daily schedule.

All human beings possess a body clock. Along with other alerting systems, this governs the sleep/wake cycle and is therefore one of the main processes which govern sleep behaviour. Typically, the preferred sleep/wake cycle is delayed in adolescents, which leads to many students not feeling sleepy until much later in the evenings. This typical sleep pattern is usually referred to as the “night owl” schedule of sleep.

This is opposed to the “early bird” schedule, and is a kind of disorder where the individual tends to stay up much past midnight. Such a person has great difficulty in waking up in the mornings. Research suggests that night owls feel most alert and function best in the evenings and at night. Research findings have shown that about 20 percent of people can be classified as “night owls” and only 10 percent can be classified as “early birds” ------ the other 70 percent are in the middle. Although this is clearly not true for all students, for the ones who are true night owls, this gives them an excellent excuse for missing their lectures which unfortunately fall before midday.

【小题1】What does the author stress in Paragraph 1?
A.Many students are absent from class.
B.Students are very tired on Monday mornings.
C.Students do not adjust their sleep patterns well.
D.Students are not well prepared for class on Mondays.
【小题2】Which of the following is true according to Paragraph 2?
A.Most students prefer to get up late in the morning.
B.Students don’t sleep well because of alerting systems.
C.One’s body clock governs the sleep/wake cycle independently.
D.Adolescents’ delayed sleep/wake cycle isn’t the preferred pattern.
【小题3】Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word “classified”?
A.CriticizedB.GroupedC.OrganizedD.Named
【小题4】What does the text mainly talk about?
A.Functions of the body clock.
B.The “night owl” phenomenon.
C.Human beings’ sleep behaviour.
D.The school schedule of “early birds”.

同类题5

   Your peers are people your age or close to it who have experiences and interests similar to yours. You and your friends make dozens of decisions every day,and you influence each other’s choices and behavior. This is often ______ —it’s human nature to listen to and learn from other people in your age group.

Sometimes,though,the stresses in your life can actually come from your peers. They may pressure you into doing something you’re uncomfortable with,such as shoplifting,doing drugs or drinking,or taking dangerous risks when you are driving a car.

The pressure to conform(随潮流)can be powerful and hard to resist. A person might feel pressure to do something just because others are doing it. Peer pressure can influence a person to do something that is relatively harmless—or something that has more serious consequences. People may feel pressure to conform,so they fit in or are accepted,and they don’t feel awkward or uncomfortable. When people are unsure of what to do in a social situation,they naturally look to others for cues(暗示)about what is and isn’t acceptable.

The people who are most easily influenced will follow someone else’s lead first. Then others may go along,too—so it can be easy to think,“It must be OK. Everyone else is doing it. They must know what they’re doing.”Before you know it,many people are going along with the crowd—perhaps on something they might not otherwise do.

Responding to peer pressure is part of human nature—but some people are more likely to give in,and others are better able to resist and stand their ground.

It’s not always easy to resist negative peer pressure. But when you do,it is easy to feel good about it afterwards. And you may even be a positive influence on your peers who feel the same way—often it just takes one person to speak out or take a different action to change a situation.

【小题1】Which is most likely to be filled in the blank in Paragraph 1?
A.positiveB.negative
C.impossibleD.uncertain
【小题2】Which of the following is a kind of peer pressure?
A.Your teachers give you a lot of homework.
B.Your classmates persuade you to cut class.
C.Your parents expect high scores from you.
D.Your relatives invite you to attend a party.
【小题3】Most people tend to do what others are doing in order to________.
A.get a feeling of being accepted
B.feel a sense of achievement
C.set a good example for others
D.stand out in a crowd
【小题4】What can we know according to the author?
A.Giving in to peer pressure is unavoidable.
B.Peer pressure usually leads to serious results.
C.Everyone can make a difference by resisting negative peer pressure.
D.Going along with the crowd usually means making a right choice.
【小题5】This passage is mainly about________.
A.different types of peer pressure
B.ways to deal with peer pressure
C.thoughts on peer pressure
D.the influence of peer pressure on people