语法填空
Even after centuries of 【小题1】(science) research, no one knows for sure why human beings laugh.
Charles Darwin guessed that laughter, 【小题2】 begins in infants as young as three months old, served as a"reward"to parental care-giving. Laughter of infants sounded and felt so different from crying, and he believed that even prehistoric(史前的) parents must have regarded it 【小题3】 a sign of well-being. The parents enjoyed the laughter, which encouraged them 【小题4】(continue) caring for the child.
One of the most interesting things researchers have learned is the powerful healing effect of laughter. Well,actually they're re-learning it after centuries of neglect:in the Middle Ages, doctors "treated" their 【小题5】(patient) by telling them jokes.
Scientists 【小题6】(learn) a lot about laughter so far.You use 15 different muscles in your face to laugh. The sound of laughter is created when you breathe in deeply 【小题7】 then breathe out the air. The typical laugh is made up of pulses(节奏)of sound that are about 1/15th of a second long and 1/5th of a second apart.When tape-recorded and 【小题8】(play) backward,laughing sounds 【小题9】(virtual) the same as it does when it is played forward. 【小题10】 was also found that the most laughter took place when males were talking and females were listening, and the least took place when females were talking and males were listening.

   We live in a world where we want everything instantly. In this instant world it is hard to succeed in anything. To achieve your goal you first have to change your life from instantly to persistently(坚持地).
Persistence is the course you need to set. When you change your expectancy from instantly to persistently you will gain an advantage of time that many do not have. Time works against those who live instantly. Opportunities are never seen because when something doesn't happen instantly people move on to the next thing on their list and consider the current goal a failure.
Persistent people have the advantage of time. It allows them to step back, observe and assess the progress of the goal they are pursuing(追求). Some things take longer to develop; some just need to be left there for a while to find their own way.
When you live instantly you gain and lose instantly. Many times you do not know how you got there or how to get back because it is not repeatable.
When you live persistently you learn how things work, how to correct a plan and how to guide it to make it successful. You do not panic because you know you have more than enough time.
Slow down and take time to enjoy the journey. If what you are doing is not fun then stop doing it and do something else.
Everything you do should be in pursuit of a better tomorrow than you had yesterday. You should take time to develop your abilities to reach your goals. Do not get discouraged just because your success is not instant.
Celebrate each step along the way. People who live instantly don't take time to appreciate what they have accomplished. They are just looking for the next thing that they can get instantly.
You must be grateful for the time it takes to reach your goal. Persistence will get you there if you really want to get there.
【小题1】People who want things instantly will fail in many things because _______.

A．they want greater efficiency

B．they don't stick to their goal

C．they often change their lifestyle

D．they tend to pursue a higher target

【小题2】The main advantage persistent people have over instant people is ______.

A．the willpower	B．a target
C．a plan	D．an opportunity

【小题3】According to the text, persistent people ______.

A．focus more on the result

B．work slower than instant people

C．will get rewarded for their efforts

D．look for the next thing to do immediately when finishing one target

【小题4】The writer's main purpose of writing the text is _______.

A．to blame those who live instantly

B．to persuade people to live happily

C．to praise those who have succeeded.

D．to suggest learning the art of persistence

   Before I studied psychology，I used to think that people would laugh when funny things occurred. While I was right about that，I discovered there are lots of other psychological reasons that make people laugh other than the funny part of a joke. When someone laughs at a joke，there will usually be more than one reason that makes him laugh-and the more reasons there are，the more powerful the joke will be.

I was attending a stand-up comedy show in Egypt，and when the man started to make fun of pedestrians crossing streets，everyone laughed their head off. The main reason why those people strongly laughed was that almost all of them felt angry with pedestrians who crossed streets carelessly. The joke wasn't only funny，it also made the audience feel that they were right about being angry at those pedestrians. That is，people were laughing because of both the funny joke and the happiness experienced as a result of the psychological support they got.

The better a joke makes a person feel，the more it includes other psychological factors，and the more the person will like it. For example，if you envy one of your friends，and someone tells a joke that is funny and，at the same time，makes your friend seem stupid，then you will probably laugh at it louder than if you weren't jealous（嫉妒的）of him.

In short, we not only laugh when we hear something funny, but also laugh when we experience some kind of happiness that results from the other psychological factors involved in the joke. I strongly discourage making fun of anyone or belittling someone to make someone else laugh. All I want to explain is that if your joke supports a person's emotions, he will certainly like it a lot.

【小题1】What did the author find out after studying psychology?

A．Only good jokes make people laugh.

B．Many reasons lead to people laughing.

C．Funny things can make people laugh.

D．Laughter can make people healthy.

【小题2】Why did the audience laugh at the pedestrians?

A．Because they played a trick on the pedestrians.

B．Because the pedestrians behaved in a funny way.

C．Because they could feel the pedestrians' happiness.

D．Because their emotions were approved of by the show.

【小题3】What does the underlined word "belittling" probably mean？

A．Speaking highly of.	B．Getting close to.
C．Looking down on.	D．Feeling content with.

   According to a recent report, about 15% of the people in the UK are members of gyms. But are they more likely to be fit?

A study found that gym members were 14 times more active than people who didn’t belong to any health club. Gym members did six hours more exercise a week, and this activity did make them fitter than non-gym members. They also spent less time sitting down every day than non-gym members. The results were the same for men and women.

The study included 405 people between the ages of 30 and 64, and the main characteristics of those who were gym members were the same as those who were not. ''But gym members did more training than non-gym members, '' said the lead author, Elizabeth Schroeder of the University of Illinois.

While it might seem clear that gym members exercising more are healthier than non-members, Schroeder says this has not been directly shown before. However, the study is only designed to show a tie between gym membership and more exercise. It may be that active people like to join gyms. In the study, people who exercised as much as gym members were also in good health.

You can get the same benefits wherever you exercise. This study shows a gym membership can make you do more exercise, but other research shows that exercising outside has other help. Outdoor activities can make you feel happy about life—especially if you run through a forest.

Outdoor exercise is also more enjoyable than going to the gym. The first five minutes of outdoor exercise is especially helpful in making people feel good. But Schroeder says that a gym may also encourage greater exercise because it can be social and fun.

【小题1】What did the new study find out?

A．Gym members had healthier eating habits.

B．There were fewer women gym members than men.

C．Gym members did at least eight hours of exercise a week.

D．Gym members were more active than non-gym members.

【小题2】In the study, researchers studied ____________________.

A．some sports lovers

B．405 gym members

C．people from different age groups

D．30 gym members and 64 non-gym members

【小题3】Which of the following will Elizabeth Schroeder agree with?

A．Women should do more gym exercise.

B．We should be careful with outdoor training.

C．Outdoor exercise is better than gym exercise.

D．It is easier to keep exercising if you go to the gym.

When Joshua Blue, a head teacher at the Kennedy, hosts a lecture for his students, he wears a light violet-colored tie. "You don't want so many bright colors that the kids will get distracted," said Blue. Colors give off very specific signals, and different tie colors stand for very different impacts. Wondering what color tie to wear to your next meeting? Here's how to choose the perfect color tie for every occasion:
All powerful reds
It's not a coincidence（巧合）that many politicians wear red-colored ties with light shirts and darker suits. "Red is the powerful color," said Mark Woodman, a trend analyst who studies color in Laurel, Maryland. "There’s something about red that always comes back to strength and passion.” But the tone of your reds matters, too. Darker reds can help build trust, while lighter red and pink ties can be more of a statement about your personal style and be associated with creativity. When you want to convey a sense of ambition, consider a shiny red.
Royal purples
Ross Znavor, an executive in financial services in New York, wears purple ties rather than red to business meetings because the color shows a bit of self-confidence and helps him create lasting first impressions. Purple, traditionally a sign of royalty and wealth is becoming more acceptable in the workplace.
Black affairs
"While you might not wear them to meetings on a regular basis, wearing black ties to a cocktail party or even a dinner is unique and attractive," said Zyla. But remember: the formal black color can feel aggressive in many situations. "Avoid it if you are a green-hand at work," Zyla said.
Right blues
Afraid of sending the wrong message with your tie color? Consider blue as the all-purpose tie. Blue ties are a good investment because the color reminds people of the sky and ocean. "Blue is the safest color to wear," Lindsay said.
【小题1】Why do many politicians prefer red-colored ties?

A．Because they often wear light shirts and darker suits.

B．Because they want to get promoted.

C．Because red is related to strength and passion.

D．Because red gets their message across easily.

【小题2】Who will probably choose the purple ties?

A．Politicians.	B．Businessmen.
C．Artists.	D．Head teachers.

【小题3】What color tie will you consider if you are a green-hand at work?

A．Red.	B．Purple.
C．Black.	D．Blue.