Penguins are the number-one attraction for many visitors to Antarctica. If you go on a ship that is allowed to make shore landings, you may see them. But to get a close look at penguins, you have to be smart.

First of all, keep in mind that Antarctica’s visitor rules require that you remain at least five meters away from the penguins in order not to disturb them. You could easily become responsible for the death of a little penguin or the destruction of an egg if your too-close presence should disturb a penguin parent.

If a penguin is trying to move away from you, you must stop what you’re doing and back off even if you’re farther than five meters away. However, the rules don’t prevent a curious penguin from approaching within five meters of you — as long as the bird makes the move, not you.

Little penguins, in particular, are quite curious. I’ve seen several lucky tourists who were astonished to find that little penguins came right up to them. If a penguin comes extremely close to you, remember that you are not allowed to touch or hold it.

Here are more tips for getting close to penguins.

Ignore the smell: where penguins live is filled with guano（海鸟粪）and the smell takes some getting used to.

Be quiet because loud noises make penguins nervous. Fast or sudden movements signal meat — eating animals to penguins, and they react accordingly, so slow down when you walk around them.

Since it may take half an hour or more before the penguins get used to you, you need to be patient. Put away your camera — too often people are so focused on getting the pictures that they forget to look with their own eyes, but most of your most memorable experiences in Antarctica will be marked in your mind, not on a roll of films.

   Do you like to learn about what is in the world around you？Do you often notice things that your friends don't notice？When you become interested in something，do you ask people about it and read books about it？Do you sometimes do experiments to find answers？If so，then you think in much the same way that a scientist thinks.

In school and at home no doubt you will read about scientific discoveries. Are there any good ways to help you read science then？Let's consider each of the four rules that you should follow.

1. KEEP YOUR MIND ON WHAT YOU ARE READING. Surely no one can successfully read a science article or a science textbook while thinking of other things. Many a car has run through a stop light because a careless driver was thinking of something besides his driving. The same thing is true of reading. If you think of nothing else while you are reading，you will become a better reader.

2. KNOW WHY YOU READ. The chapter titles and subtitles in science articles are usually worded in such a way that they attract your curiosity（好奇心）and make you want to read. They often tell you what you are going to read about and why you should read. The questions found at the beginning of the chapters guide you toward the information you want. Knowing why you read will help you become a better reader in science.

3. KNOW THE MEANING AND THE PRONUNCIATION OF EVERY WORD. Through the context，word structure rules and the glossary（词汇表）in your science book，you can discover the meaning and the pronunciation of most words in the articles. If a word is not in the glossary，use the dictionary.

4. FIT YOUR SPEED TO YOUR NEED. To get all the important information from your science book，you must read by degrees and carefully. Directions for experiments demand especially careful reading. If you misread them，the experiment may fail and you may reach wrong conclusions.

Some people think that they will get ill if they will use their brains too much. It is not truly. Through many studies，scientists show us that the less you use your brains，the better they will be，but the cleverer you will become. Of course，if you want to keep your mind clear and active，you must take proper rest and study properly. To the teenagers，use their brains in the morning is good for your health.

There are various ways to rest. One of them is a peaceful rest. Sleep is a perfect example. As we all know，lack of sleep can do great damage for our health. Another is an active rest. For example，take a walk outdoors，and do more exercises every day. In everyday life，eating some eggs，meat，fresh vegetables and fruit are also good for the brains.

   Everyone needs a break, and vacations are not meant for serious study. 【小题1】 The Spring Festival is coming up so this is the perfect time to discuss some great English language literature to take on a long train journey.

Before getting into the recommendation, you need to determine your English reading comprehension level. If you’re at the beginner level, there are two options: reading a children’s book or reading a book that you’ve read in Chinese translation. 【小题2】 If you’re at the intermediate level, popular books like pop fiction, mysteries and thrillers are good options. For advanced readers, classic works of literature or modern prize winners (Nobel, Pulitzer) are good options.

【小题3】 When I pick up a book I like, even though the first few chapters are really hard to get through, I would try to get accustomed to the language the author uses. Generally, after the first few chapters, things get a lot easier, especially if I get involved in the story.

Another great way to keep yourself motivated is to find a friend who’s interested in reading the same book. You can make goals that you both want to achieve. 【小题4】

Some quick recommendations: Harry Potter, start with the first book and go on from there; the Narnia series; anything by US writer Michael Crichton; and if you like horror, US writer Stephen King is always unusual and fun. 【小题5】 Happy reading!