Smartphones have been blamed for everything from taking drivers’attention from driving to keeping people on the sofa scrolling (滚屏) videos. But the smartphone that seems to be everywhere could just easily increase physical activity if it pushes its owner’s buttons in the right way.

New research shows that making social connections (人际关系) through activity-tracking apps gets people to move more. And another study on the “Pokemon Go” phenomenon shows that the smartphone game got players to take thousands more steps than usual. Together, the studies show the potential (潜在性) of smartphones to push a range of people to be more active.

People who linked with friends on the activity-tracking app increase their steps by 400 a day on average, compared with people who made no social connections, according to Tim Althoff and two other computer scientists at Stanford University. Such opinions show the possibilities of smartphones and games to help with one of the most stubborn public health problems — that even people who want to be active have trouble staying active.

An NBA video game, for example, will give players extra powers in the game if they reach a step goal in real life. The app “Zomies, Run!” uses audio stories to push people to run more or run faster.

Still, there is room for growth: Only about 4% of all health apps use “gamification”, such as point- scoring or competition, according to a study published in October in BMJ Open. “Gamification is actually quite closely linked with behavior change techniques,” says Dr. Elizabeth Ann Edwards, the study’s lead author.

   The newspaper has been a part of our daily life for several centuries. It has been a way for the public to be informed of _____ events that are occurring around the world. Newspapers have _____ great changes over the course of history. Some of the _____ newspapers date back to Ancient Rome where important announcements (公告) were carved in stones and placed in highly populated areas, _____ in this way citizens could be informed of the announcements.

For centuries, many changes have _____ The biggest one was the use of the printing press. This change _____ the production of the newspaper, and the number of papers available to the public greatly increase    D. At the same time the change made it _____ for people to purchase one. These developments led to a (n) _____ in the newspaper industry where several different newspapers started to appear in big _____ , publishing morning, afternoon and evening editions. These papers ______ readers news, the weather and other features that informed and ______ them.

Over the course of time, however, newspaper costs continued to rise and the number of newspaper buyers continued to ______ This led to a vast reduction in the number of newspapers and newspaper editions at every market. ______ , with the increase in the use of ______ , the public no longer needed the newspaper for its source of ______ Other media such as radio, television and the Internet started to ______ the paper as an information source.

In recent years, newspapers and other media have ______ to the changing technology environment by starting to offer ______ editions to cater to (满足需要) the needs of the public. In the future, more ______ will be surely paid to the Internet, social media and other electronic methods. However, the newspaper and the industry ______ have a place in the world.

   Government intelligence agencies have a plan to build computers that store information inside DNA and other organic molecules（分子）.

Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity（IARPA）announced plans to develop tabletop-sized machines that can store and retrieve（取回）data from large batches of polymers — a term that refers to a wide variety of long，string-like molecules. Polymers can store data in individual atoms or groups of atoms.

The project is an attempt to solve a basic problem of the modern era:the vast and growing costs of data storage. Datacenters around the world sucked up 416. 2 terawatt hours of electricity in 2016. That's about 3 percent of the global supply，and it accounts for 2 percent of global greenhouse gas emissions.

A 2016 paper found that DNA，in particular，could store computer information more densely，require less energy，and survive higher and lower temperatures than conventional hard drives. The authors of that paper reported on the successes of prototype（雏形）DNA computers that used the genetic molecules for both long-term storage and random access memory（RAM）.

But no one has yet figured out how to handle DNA data storage on large scales.

IARPA officials said the new effort, called Molecular Information Storage, will be broken up into three periods:a two-year program to figure out how to store data in DNA or other molecules at high speed,a two-year program to figure out how to retrieve that data at high speed, and a two-year effort to develop an operating system that can run on that DNA.

Many of the technologies IARPA wants to develop are untested at these scales, so it's unclear how far away that proposed tabletop device really is.

   A new tool of communication called the "drift diary" is doing the rounds among young college graduates.

The "drift diary", like those ancient paper messages put into a bottle left to drift on the high seas to reach hundreds of miles away, connects lonely hearts. It was first started by a Beijing woman, who goes by the screen name Little S, in 2007.It has become the preferred tool of communication among youngsters afraid to reveal their innermost self to peers, but wanting to share their lives with others. The way it works is that the initiator（发起人）of the diary mentions it on popular Internet forums such as Tianya and Douban. Those wanting to react or otherwise add to the diary then send their real names and addresses to the initiator via e-mails or text messages.

The numbers in one group are usually restricted to between 30 and 50. The diary then is passed on to another by the express delivery or personal handover. The diary writers are mostly anonymous（匿名的）but if they wish to reveal their identity they can do so by posting their contact information at the end of their postings.

The diary writers not just add words but also decorate the plain notebooks with cartoons, drawings or even dress it up with a ribbon or a new cover. Interesting experiences, travel journals, the simple joys of everyday living or sweet recollections of childhood, all find a place in these diaries. Most often, though, the writers set down their frustrations and predicaments.

It usually takes one year for a diary to return to the initiator. The last recorder is the luckiest one, with access to all previous entries, while others can request photocopies of them from the diary's initiator.