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The summer solstice (夏至) has been widely recognized as a festival throughout the world.

The word solstice originates (起源) from the Latin sol and sistere, 【小题1】 (mean) “sun-standing”. 【小题2】 the days lengthen, the sun rises higher and higher until it seems to stand still in the sky. It is one of the great turning points of the year, when the sun is at its 【小题3】 (high) point in the sky during a year.

Today, the day is celebrated around the world. In England thousands gather to welcome the sunrise on the summer solstice. Throughout Europe groups light a fire and stay up all night to welcome the dawn. In Paris, the day 【小题4】 (mark) with free concerts during the every year’s Fête de la Musique. When it comes 【小题5】 the U. S., the city of Santa Barbara in California holds the county’s biggest 【小题6】 (celebrate) that lasts a full three-day time. On the East Coast, New York City 【小题7】 (tradition) welcomes the summer solstice with a music concert at the Cathedral of Saint John the Divine.

In the southern part of China, eating lychees (荔枝) during the summer solstice 【小题8】 (be) a long tradition because eating lychees will cause less “heat” to the body. There is a saying in Shandong province 【小题9】 goes, “eating dumplings on the winter solstice day and eating 【小题10】 (noodle) on the summer solstice day.”

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同类题2

   It is awkward(令人尴尬的)when everyone around you bursts out laughing at a joke that you do not find funny, especially if it's a joke told in a foreign language.

While Chinese students find it easy to adapt to a foreign lifestyle, socializing with locals is much harder, according to a recent study. Researchers looked at how well Chinese students made themselves a part of communities across the world. Of all the activities they struggled with, understanding jokes was considered the toughest.

Most of the time, jokes are funny only for people who share a common cultural background or are aware of humor in the same way.

Being able to understand local jokes can help students feel a sense of belonging. But even without the ability to understand jokes, students should not feel any less confident about themselves.

"It's OK if you don't get the jokes. Don't doubt yourself because in most time, it is not a problem of language ability but a matter of the known and unknown, "said Christine Han, who was once an overseas student and is now an Australian permanent resident.

Australia is ready-made for jokes, thanks to its history as a colony for prisoners, its unusual accent, the inner bush country and its strange food. However, to most Chinese overseas students, understanding jokes about sports is the biggest headache. Sport is an important part of Australian national identity.

According to the Australian Bureau of Statistics, 16percent(3. 3 million)of the population aged 15 years and over watched Australian football in 2010. About 9 percent(1. 9 million)attended a rugby league game.

British actor and comedian Simon Pegg discussed the differences between British and American sense of humor in a column of The Guardian. He believes that while Brits use irony(反语)on a daily basis, the Americans do not see the point of using it so frequently . He wrote, "British jokes, on the other hand, tend to be more subtle with a dark or sarcastic(讽刺的)undertone while the American jokes are more obvious and forward, a bit like Americans themselves. "

【小题1】As a whole, many Chinese students ________.
A.tend to understand a small part of the local jokes
B.are difficult to get along with the local people
C.tend to feel the local jokes dull
D.work hard to adapt to the life in foreign countries
【小题2】Why is humor involved in sports in Australia?
A.The Australians have a lot to do with sports in life.
B.Humor comes from their sports.
C.Humor and sports are part of the Australians' life.
D.Sports include much humor.
【小题3】By comparing the jokes in the UK and in the US, we can know the characters of British people and Americans are ________.
A.the same and humorous
B.different but friendly
C.different but humorous
D.outgoing and friendly

同类题3

In a society such as the United states or Canada, which has many national, religious, and cultural differences, people highly value individualism—the differences among people. Teachers place a lot of importance on the qualities that make each student special. The educational systems in these countries show these values. Students do not memorize information. Instead, they work individually and find answers themselves. There is often discussion in the classroom. At an early age, students learn to form their own ideas and opinions.
In most Asian societies, by contrast, the people have the same language, history, and culture. Perhaps for this reason, the educational system in much of the Orient reflects society’s belief in group goals and purposed rather than individualism. Children in China, Japan, and Korea often work together and help one another on assignments. In the classroom, the teaching methods are often very formal. The teacher lectures, and the students listen. There is not much discussion. Instead, the students recite rules or information that they have memorized.
There are advantages and disadvantages to both of these systems of education. For example, one advantage to the system in Japan is that students there learn much more math and science than American students learn by the end of high school. They also study more hours each day and more days each year than North Americans do. The system is difficult, but it prepares students for a society that values discipline and self-control. There is, however, a disadvantage. Memorization is an important learning method in Japanese schools, yet many students say that after an exam, they forget much of the information that they have memorized.
The advantage of the educational system in North American, on the other hand, is that students learn to think for themselves. The system prepares them for a society that values creative ideas. There is , however, a disadvantage. When students graduate from high school, they haven’t memorized as many basic rules and facts as students in other countries have..
 
Students in the US and 【小题1】
Students in China, Japan and Korean
What do they value?
【小题2】
【小题3】 goals and purposes
Ways of study
working individually
listen to the teachers
forming their own  ideas and opinions
 
memorizing and 【小题4】
a lot of discussion in the classroom
not much discussion
【小题5】
Learning to think for themselves
learning much more math and 【小题6】 by the end of high 【小题7】
studying more hours each day and more days each year
good for a society that values 【小题8】 ideas.
good for a society valuing 【小题9】 and self-control
disadvantages
students haven’t memorized many basic rules and facts when before 【小题10】
Information is forgotten easily
 

同类题4

   When HarmonyOS, the Chinese self-developed operating system for Huawei mobile devices, was released on Aug 9, it quickly became a hot topic on social media. Many believe it not only represents the rise of the country as a tech power, but also pays tribute (致敬) to classical Chinese culture by naming the system “Hongmeng” in Chinese. “Hongmong” is a classical word from the Taoist (道家) text Zhuangzi. In the ancient times of Chinese myths and legends, “Hongmeng” was used to describe the original state of the universe before matter existed.

For HarmonyOS, “Hongmeng” indicates the developers’ aim to make an innovative operating system, unlike any other. Besides “Hongmeng”, Huawei has also registered many of its products under the names of legendary creatures from Chinese mythology, such as “Qilin”for the Kin mobile chip, and “Kunpeng” for the server chip. Many Chinese internet users and media have praised Huawei’s use of these names, “as they stand for Chinese wisdom and ancient people’s imagination and spirit of exploration”, Global Times noted.

In fact, Huawei is not alone in using traditional culture for modern ventures. Ne Zha, the new film, also portrays traditional culture in a modern context. Earlier this month it became the biggest animated movie in China and was called “the glorious light of domestic anime”. The movie is loosely based on the well-known work of classical Chinese mythology The Investiture of the Gods. Unlike his attractive heroic character in previous cinematic works, Ne Zha is shown as a rebellious underdog, who has to overcome hardship and his dark fate to become a hero. Many young Chinese people can relate to Ne Zha, who encourages them to become dream-chasers and fate-changers. As Global Times put it, today by revisiting and incorporating a modern context, “ancient mythology has the power to stir up contemporary imagination in young people”. After all, imagination is the beginning of creation.

【小题1】Why did Huawei name the new system “Hongmeng” in Chinese?
A.Huawei was interested in describing the original state of the universe.
B.Huawei targeted at designing a unique operating system in the world.
C.Huawei aimed to develop classical culture.
D.Huawei was fond of Chinese myths and legends.
【小题2】What was Global Times’ tone about Huawei’s use of the names from ancient cultures?
A.Admirable.B.Indifferent.
C.Neutral.D.Critical.
【小题3】Which statement about the new movie Ne Zha is NOT true?
A.Not all the plot is based on the popular Chinese mythology.
B.The new film Ne Zha means a lot to domestic anime in China.
C.The character of Ne Zha is a failure at first in previous works.
D.The film Ne Zha encourages many youth to achieve dreams.
【小题4】What’s the passage mainly about?
A.Huawei’s new names for its products and their influence.
B.A brief introduction of a new successful movie Ne Zha.
C.Imagination is important and the beginning of creation.
D.Ancient cultures come into new life and inspire imagination.

同类题5

   When I first arrived in Australia at the age of 16 to go to high school for one year and live with a host family,I was completely over the moon about everything. I had been planning for many months. And,even though we exchange students participated in a one-day preparatory meeting,culture shock couldn't be avoided.

Those first weeks are so-called "honeymoon phase I" where you are happy to be in that culture.

However,this feeling didn't last forever. After about two months,differences became more evident. I started missing my friends and family more and more. Frustrating thoughts increasingly occupied my head—Nobody really understands me,and my English is not good enough. I wish people would just be able to speak German for one day!I wish public transportation would work the same way as at home!And so on. I knew it was "honeymoon phase Ⅱ".

Over the next few months,though,I slowly and unknowingly entered the "adjustment(适应)phase". I developed my own little routine,learned to adapt to stress through various techniques,and made many new friends. My English improved dramatically!

I understood Australian culture better and better. That was a major breakthrough for me personally. Every day I felt more and more comfortable with my new home. I adopted many new traits(特征)while also keeping earlier ones from my home country. I would often refer to myself as "having a second nationality". This process which happened over my last few months abroad is called the "mastery phase". My happiest moment was when my dear friend one day said during a conversation,"You are Australian now,Jude!You sound just like us!"

I want to point out that the effects of culture shock are different for everyone and can result in different behavior and feelings. The timing of the different phases also varies a lot from person to person. One thing is for sure though —Culture shock is unavoidable and acceptance is the first step towards adjusting better to a foreign culture.

【小题1】According to the passage, which phase is the most difficult to go through?
A.Honeymoon phase I.
B.Honeymoon phase Ⅱ.
C.Adjustment phase.
D.Mastery phase.
【小题2】From the passage, we can know about the following facts except that ________.
A.in "honeymoon phase I", the author felt excited about everything
B.the culture is different between Australia and Germany
C.the author didn't realize he entered the "adjustment phase"
D.the happiest moment appeared in the "adjustment phase"
【小题3】What happened in the "mastery phase"?
A.The author got rid of his earlier habits.
B.The author quitted his nationality.
C.The author adjusted to the culture better.
D.The author made many new friends.
【小题4】What's the most important thing to deal with culture shock?
A.Ignoring it.B.Avoiding it.
C.Accepting it.D.Changing it.