近代以来，在欧洲掀起的思想解放潮流引领人们迈进科学的理性时代，对人类社会产生了深远影响。阅读下列材料：

材料一：在欧洲历史刚刚进入近代的黎明期，在佛罗伦萨和威尼斯诸城升起的一片灿烂星云，成了中世纪和近代的分水岭。……等人才巴形形色色的思想汇聚起来，从而产生崭新的近代文化。

﹣马克垚《世界文明史（上）》

材料二：十八世纪的天才们不单只是哲学家或某个方面的学者，最重要的是他们极其关注社会，更加具有批判的精神和意识，在这些启蒙学者的眼中，以往的一切社会形式和国家形式，一切传统观念，都被当做不合理的东西扔到垃圾堆里了。

﹣陈乐民、周弘《欧洲文明的进程》

材料三：

请回答：

任务型阅读

    Jake lives in New York with his parents．His grandparents live in Chicago．He will go to see his grandparents with Mom．They will go by plane．First，they take a bus to the airport(机场)．

    "It's my first plane trip，"he tells the bus driver．

    "That's great!"says the bus driver．

    Jake and his mom arrive at the airport and then they get on the plane at 10：50 a．m．A flight attendant(乘务员) helps them find their seats(座位)．

    "It's my first plane trip，"Jake tells the flight attendant．

    "Welcome，"says the beautiful flight attendant.

    About 20 minutes after Jake and his mom get on the plane,the plane begins to run on the runway．It's kind of noisy．Jake feels afraid．Jake takes out his panda from his bag．"It's my first plane trip，"he says quietly．

    The plane runs faster and faster(越来越快)．Then-Whoosh! Jake can see the houses look like small boxes．

    Jake isn't afraid now．"Hey,panda，a plane trip is fun，"he says．

根据材料内容简要回答下列问题。