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    袁盎者,楚人也,字。父故为群盗,徙处安陵。高后时,盎尝为吕禄舍人。及孝文帝即位,盎兄哙任盎为中郎。

    绛侯①为丞相,朝罢趋出,意得甚。上礼之恭,常目送之。袁盎进曰:“陛下以丞相何如人?”上曰:“社稷臣。”盎曰:“绛侯所谓功臣非社稷臣社稷臣主在与在主亡与亡方吕后时诸吕用事擅相王刘氏不绝如带是时绛侯为太尉主兵柄弗能正。吕后崩,大臣相与共畔诸吕,太尉主兵,适会其成功,所谓功臣,非社稷臣。丞相如有骄主色,陛下谦让,臣主失礼,窃为陛下不取也。”后朝,上益庄,丞相益畏。已而绛侯望袁盎曰:“吾与而兄善,今儿廷毁我!”盎遂不谢。

    及绛侯免相之国,国人上书告以为反,征系清室,宗室诸公莫敢为言,唯袁盎明绛侯无罪。绛侯得释,盎颇有力。绛侯乃大与盎结交。

    袁盎常引大体忼慨。宦者赵同以数幸,常害袁盎,袁盎患之。盎兄子种为常侍骑,持节夹乘,说盎曰:“君与斗,廷辱之,使其毁不用。”孝文帝出,赵同参乘,袁盎伏车前曰:“臣闻天子所与共六尺舆者,皆天下豪英。今汉虽乏人,陛下独奈何与刀锯余人载!”于是上笑,下赵同。赵同泣下车。

    上幸上林②,皇后、慎夫人从。其在禁中,常同席坐。及坐,郎署长布席,袁盎引却慎夫人坐。慎夫人怒,不肯坐。上亦怒,起,入禁中。盎因前说曰:“臣闻尊卑有序则上下和。今陛下既已立后,慎夫人乃妾,妾主岂可与同坐哉!适所以失尊卑矣。且陛下幸之,即厚赐之。陛下所以为慎夫人,适所以祸之。陛下独不见‘人彘’乎?”于是上乃说,召语慎夫人。慎夫人赐盎金五十斤。

    然袁盎亦以数直谏,不得久居中,调为陇西都尉。

(节选自司马迁《史记》,有删改)

【注】①绛侯:即周勃,刘邦的开国大臣。②上林:秦汉时皇家苑囿。

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    One day, at night, a thief tried crawling (爬行) into a farmer couple's house. In the house lived many mice. The woman in the moonlight saw a mouse crawl into the house. “Look! In comes one.” She said to the man in the house. The thief was so frightened that he hurriedly crawled out of the house and said to the one waiting outside, “She found me when I was just in.” But the thief outside didn't believe him, so he said, “Let us two try to crawl into the house together.” At that time two mice happened to crawl into the house, too. The woman saw the mice and shouted, “In come two, catch them!” The two thieves were terribly frightened. The man in the house said, “You saw them come in but where are they? I will catch them tonight” The two thieves started running away at once.

    The two thieves wanted to make it clear whether they had been found or not the night before. The next day they acted as men selling sweet potatoes and came before the house. The man and the woman were working in their fields. The rein (缰绳) broke and the woman came home for a new one. She saw two men selling sweet potatoes and wanted to buy some. She picked out two which looked like mice. At the time the man couldn't wait for her any longer in the fields and he ran back from the fields to hurry her up. The woman showed the sweet potatoes to the man and said, “How they look like the two of last night!” The man said, “I asked you to fetch a rein, why don't you hurry for it?” The two thieves ran away quickly without their sweet potatoes.