***主席在2017年新年贺词中说：“新年之际，我最牵挂的还是困难群众，他们吃得怎么样、住得怎么样，能不能过好新年、过好春节。”从根本上说，党和国家维护人民的利益是因为（    ）

材料一：自从秦始皇建立大一统专制制度，到汉武帝废黜百家独尊一家之后，思想开始受到禁锢，难以出现在平等基础上的、充分自由的“百家争鸣”，但文化学术也还有一定的发展空间。中国农耕文明达到的高度和精致程度为世界之最，适应这一文明的专制皇朝制度也设计周到、高度成熟，所以凭武力征服中原的游牧民族都在文化和制度上被汉化。又由于地理的特点，可以长期封闭，“六合之外，姑存不论”。今天人们津津乐道的所谓中国是唯一未中断的文明古国，原因在此。

——资中筠《士人风骨：中国知识分子对道统的承载与失落》

材料二：感觉的世界常变，因而得来的知识也是不确定的。……他的名言是认识你自己。……苏格拉底认为，一个人要有道德就必须有道德的知识，一切不道德的行为都是无知的结果。人们只有摆脱物欲的诱惑和后天经验的局限，获得概念的知识，才会有智慧、勇敢、节制和正义等美德。

——百度百科《苏格拉底》

材料三：14～16世纪东西方启蒙思想代表人物及其思想比较表。

——摘编自谭文芳《西方文艺复兴时期启蒙思想与中国明清之际启蒙思想之比较》

    As a music teacher for twenty-seven years I have always known that music touches the soul. It can break through all kinds of barriers to reach students in a very special way. It can be the means for each child to find their light.
    A few years ago I was blessed with the opportunity to teach pre-school students one afternoon a week. One of my most memorable students was Vanessa. She was five years old, had difficulty walking and could not speak. We mostly sat on the floor for our music lessons and Vanessa liked to sit on my lap. One of her favorite songs was John the Rabbit. It was a call and response song where I sang the call and the students clapped two times while singing the repeating phrase “Oh yes!” Vanessa liked to put her hands together with mine and clap with me. We performed that song during every class Vanessa and I clapped together. She never said or sang a word.
    One day late in the school year when the song was finished Vanessa turned around, looked at me in the eye, clapped her tiny hands two times and said the words “Oh yes!” I opened my mouth and could not speak. Through music we had made a connection.
    Several years later I came across Vanessa on the street in town. I stopped my car and waved to say hello. She waved back with a big smile on her face and then clapped her hands two times mimicking the song we had performed in our music class. This precious little girl through her connection with music left an impression on me that will last forever.
    Every child has the ability to learn and grow. It is up to us educators to discover the way to reach each and every one of our students. We all must find each child’s light.

    You can't see any object unless light from that object gets into your eyes. Some of the things you see give off light of their own. The sun, the stars, a lighted lamp are the examples that can be seen by their own light. But most of the things you see are not giving off light of their own. They are just reflecting(反射) light that falls on them from the sun or some other luminous bodies. The moon, for example, doesn't give off any light of its own. It is not luminous. You see it because sunlight falls on it and some of the sunlight reflects on the earth. So moonlight is only second—hand sunlight.
    When you look at a book, it sends some of the light which fails on it to your eyes, and you see the book. If light could be kept out from where you're so that there would be no light from the book to reflect. Then you couldn't see the book even with your eyes wide open. Light travels so fast that the time in which it travels from the book you're reading to your eyes is as short as if there were no time at time. Light reaches us from the moon, which is about 380, 000 kilometres away, in only a little more than a second.