题干

Dyslexia is a problem that restricts the ability to recognize words and connect sounds with letters when people read. People with this learning disorder may also have problems when they write. Dyslexia is not related to eyesight or intelligence. The problem involves areas of the brain that process language. Brain scientists are studying whether they can predict which young children may struggle with reading to provide them with early help. John Gabrieli at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology is leading the study of five-year-olds in about twenty schools in the Boston area.
They studied in the schools with kindergartens. And for all the children joining in the study, they give them a brief set of paper-and-pencil tests to look at which children appear to be at some risk for struggling to read. So far, fifty of them have been examined in a scanner, a special machine, to show brain activity. Written tests are not always able to identify dyslexia or other problems, while brain scans may offer a more scientific way to identify problems. And with reading problems, early identification is important. When it comes to helping children overcome reading difficulties, the younger the child, the more effective they are.
Reading problems are not usually identified until a child is in the third or fourth grade. The later children are recognized as poor readers, the less treatment can help. And, as Professor Gabrieli points out, poor reading can make education a struggle. Reading is everything. Even math and science have textbooks.
While the children are given tasks related to reading, the brain scans measure the extent to which certain parts of the brain become active while the children do the work. The scientists say they are pleased with early results from the study, but have a long way to go.
【小题1】Dyslexia affects the part of brain concerning ________.
A.eyesightB.intelligenceC.languageD.emotion
【小题2】Dyslexia problems are more likely to be identified through ________.
A.speech contestsB.reading efficiency
C.listening comprehensionD.brain scans
【小题3】According to the passage, which of the followings has the best time to overcome reading difficulties?
A.Tom, a boy in the kindergarten.
B.Kate, a high school leaver.
C.Jane, a primary school student.
D.Steve, a man in his thirties.
【小题4】What is the passage mainly about?
A.An effective way to identity Dyslexia at an early stage.
B.A learning disorder involving one’s intelligence.
C.Dyslexia — a problem affecting one’s reading and writing.
D.A possible solution to the problems related to Dyslexia.
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同类题1

   When we are in a bad mood or ill at ease, as long as we listen to a beautiful song, we will feel better and relaxed. A musical _____ always makes us comfortable. By listening to music, we also can understand the philosophies which _____ the music.

Music not only can change our moods, but also can _____ some kinds of diseases, such as insomnia (失眠). Music treatment has been _____ in many countries recently. It has been _____ that music can make people relaxed, more _____ and have a better sleep. Some music even can promote us to _____ a certain number of natural chemicals from our bodies. Besides, music also has a good effect on strengthening people’s memory. In a university, 60 girl students accepted a (n) _____ , It showed that the girls who received musical training in their childhoods could _____ 17% more reading materials than those who didn’t. Some experts also ______ that musicians’ left brains are bigger in size than ordinary people’s. As we know, our memory is ______ by the left brain. That might be the reason why those who receive musical training have a better memory. ______ , the patients whose speaking is damaged may recover ______ by listening to or appreciating some music.

In addition to these ______, music can also promote children’s intelligence growth and ______ people's life. In some countries, people conducted a (n) ______ experiment. They played music beside vegetables and cows. As a result, the vegetables grew faster and the cows produced more milk. Why does music have so many magical functions? ______ , music influences people in psychological and physical ways.

From a psychological angle, music can impact directly on people's moods and behavior. Music has various rhythms, and so do human beings. When the two kinds of rhythms are in ______, the former can adopt the latter’s psychological rhythms. Usually, people will ______ music’s rhythms to change their movements.

From a physical angle, music is a sound wave which has a range of frequency. The wave can have ______ on people’s every neuron, which can secrete (分泌) some chemicals that are good for our health

【小题1】
A.conditionB.educationC.contextD.training
【小题2】
A.consist ofB.lie inC.belong toD.center around
【小题3】
A.treatB.causeC.preventD.settle
【小题4】
A.forbiddenB.demandedC.reformedD.adopted
【小题5】
A.provedB.suggestedC.recognizedD.estimated
【小题6】
A.intelligentB.mercifulC.energeticD.enthusiastic
【小题7】
A.repeatB.reduceC.releaseD.reject
【小题8】
A.examinationB.surveyC.programD.invitation
【小题9】
A.rememberB.imagineC.acceptD.understand
【小题10】
A.realizedB.revealedC.predictedD.recommended
【小题11】
A.possessedB.influencedC.unitedD.controlled
【小题12】
A.HoweverB.FurthermoreC.StillD.Therefore
【小题13】
A.suddenlyB.slightlyC.graduallyD.regularly
【小题14】
A.functionsB.principlesC.secretsD.keys
【小题15】
A.broadB.extendC.expandD.stretch
【小题16】
A.interestingB.ridiculousC.practicalD.scientific
【小题17】
A.In generalB.In factC.In contrastD.By comparison
【小题18】
A.useB.workC.harmonyD.conflict
【小题19】
A.changeB.followC.recordD.adapt
【小题20】
A.pressureB.cautionC.effectD.Progress

同类题2

_【小题1】___ .Being angry doesn’t really solve much, but what people do when they feel angry is important. The goal is to calm down and try to solve what is bothering you. This is hard for some kids and adults, too. Instead of calming down, some kids might keep getting more and more upset until they explode like a volcano!【小题2】___ .Their anger might be so strong that they lose control of their temper. They may act in ways unacceptable and hurtful. People may say that someone has trouble controlling their temper.【小题3】Some kids might get so angry that they scream at their parents, break something , or even worse , hit their brothers or sisters.【小题4】.However, it’s not OK for a kid to do any of those things .Kids don’t want to act in this way , but sometimes angry feelings can be hard to manage. So what to do?Well, the good news is that kids don’t just have to keep making the same mistakes over and over again.【小题5】.Imagine your temper as a puppy inside you that needs some training. The puppy is not bad ---- it will probably turn out a great dog. It just needs to learn some rules because, right now, that puppy is causing some problems to you.
A.In fact, they usually mean that a kid behaves badly when feeling angry.
B.You don’t want to cause trouble.
C.Kids should be allowed to express their feelings, even angry ones.
D.Some kids get angry more often or more easily than some other kids.
E.You can train you temper.
F.Instead of thinking of the person you’re angry with, think of something else.
G.Everybody gets angry sometimes.
 

同类题3

   Darek Fidyka, a 38-year-old Bulgarian, had been paralysed(瘫痪的)from the chest down for four years after a knife attack. Scientists from Britain and Poland took cells from his nose, transplanted them into his back and regrew his spinal cord (脊髓). Now he can walk and even drive a car. The doctors were delighted but said it was the first step in a long journey.

The breakthrough came after 40 years of research by Professor Geoff Raisman, who found that cells had the possibility to repair damage to nasal (鼻子的) nerves, the only part of the nervous system that constantly regrows. “The idea was to take something from an area where the nervous system can repair itself, and put it into an area that doesn't repair itself,” Professor Raisman said.

Polish doctors injected the nasal cells into Mr Fidyka's spinal cord above and below the injury and used some nerves from his ankle to form a bridge across the damaged tissue. The nasal cells appear to have caused the spinal nerves to repair themselves.

Professor Raisman achieved this with rats in the late 1990s, but this is his greatest success. “I think the moment of discovery for me was Christmas in 1997 when I first saw a rat that couldn't control its hand put its hand out to me. That was an exciting moment, because I realized then that my belief that the nervous system could be repaired was true. ”

Doctors chose the easiest case for their first attempt — it might not work for others. But there is a real sense of hope that an idea once thought impossible has been realized.

David Nicholls, who helped provide money for the breakthrough, said information about the breakthrough would be made available to researchers across the globe.

“What you’ve got to understand is that for three million paralysed people in the world today, the world looks like a totally brighter place than it did yesterday,” he said.

【小题1】Why did Professor Geoff Raisman choose cells from the nose?
A.The nervous system in the nose can repair itself.
B.Cells in the nose can be easily transplanted.
C.Cells in the nose reproduce rapidly.
D.He just wanted to give it a try.
【小题2】Why did the operation work for Darek Fidyka?
A.The nasal cells reproduced and spread quickly.
B.The nerves from his ankle cured the injury.
C.The nervous system in the spinal cord can repair itself.
D.The nasal cells helped the spinal nerves to repair themselves.
【小题3】What made Professor Geoff Raisman believe the nervous system can be repaired?
A.His study on animals.
B.His operation on a paralysed patient.
C.His sudden thoughts about Christmas.
D.His unusual experience with a sick rat.
【小题4】David Nicholls' words suggest that ________.
A.the world is becoming better and brighter
B.paralysed people have the hope of recovery
C.the report of the breakthrough will be published soon
D.researchers across the globe will carry out the operation immediately

同类题5

   About ten men in every hundred suffer from color-blindness in some way. Women are luckier: only about one in two hundred is affected on this matter. Perhaps, after all, it is safer to be driven by a woman!

There are different forms of color-blindness. In some cases a man may not be able to see deep red. He may think that red, orange and yellow are all shades of green. Sometimes a person cannot tell the difference between blue and green. In rare cases an unlucky man may see everything in shades of green — a strange world indeed.

Color-blindness in human beings is a strange thing to explain. In a single eye there are millions of very small things called "cones". These help us to see in bright light and to tell the difference between colors. There are also millions of "rods", but these are used for seeing when it is near dark. They show us shapes but no color.

Some insects have favorite colors. Mosquitoes(蚊子) prefer blue to yellow. A red light will not attract insects, but a blue lamp will. In a similar way human beings also have favorite colors. Yet we are lucky.

With the aid of the cones in our eyes we can see many beautiful colors by day, and with the aid of the rods we can see shapes at night. One day we may even learn more about the invisible colors around us.

【小题1】What is the passage mainly about?
A.Colors and their surprising effects.
B.Women being luckier than men.
C.Danger caused by color-blindness.
D.Color-blindness.
【小题2】What can we know about the color-blind?
A.Not all of them have the same problem in recognizing colors.
B.None of them can see deep red.
C.None of them can tell the difference between blue and green.
D.All of them see everything in shades of green.
【小题3】According to the passage, with the help of the cones, we can ______.
A.tell different shapes
B.see in weak light
C.kill mosquitoes
D.tell orange from yellow
【小题4】Which can we use to attract and kill mosquitoes?
A.Red light.
B.Yellow light.
C.Blue light.
D.Green light.