C
The production of coffee beans is a huge, profitable business, but, unfortunately, full-sun production is taking over the industry and bringing about a lot of damage. The change in how coffee is grown from shade-grown production to full-sun production endangers the very existence of, certain animals and birds, and even disturbs the world’s ecological balance.
On a local level, the damage of the forest required by full-sun fields affects the area’s birds and animals. The shade of the forest trees provides a home for birds and other special(物种) that depend on the trees’ flowers and fruits. Full-sun coffee growers destroy this forest home. As a result, many special are quickly dying out.
On a more global level, the destruction of the rainforest for full-sun coffee fields also threatens(威胁)human life. Medical research often makes use of the forests' plant and animal life, and the destruction of such species could prevent researchers from finding cures for certain diseases. In addition, new coffee-growing techniques are poisoning the water locally, and eventually the world's groundwater.
Both locally and globally, the continued spread of full-sun coffee plantations (种植园)could mean the destruction of the rainforest ecology. The loss of shade trees is already causing a slight change in the world's climate, and studies show that loss of oxygen-giving trees also leads to air pollution and global warming. Moreover, the new growing techniques are contributing to acidic(酸性的) soil conditions.
It is obvious that the way much coffee is grown affects many aspects many aspects of life, from the local environment to the global ecology. But consumers do have a choice. They can purchase shade-grown coffee whenever possible, although at a higher cost. The future health of the planet and mankind is surely worth more than an inexpensive cup of coffee.
【小题1】What can we learn about full-sun coffee production from Paragraph 4?

A．It limits the spread of new growing techniques.

B．It leads to air pollution and global warming.

C．It slows down the loss of shade trees.

D．It improves local soil conditions.

【小题2】The purpose of the text is to .

A．entertain

B．advertise

C．instruct

D．persuade

【小题3】Where does this text probably come from ?

A．An agricultural magazine.

B．A medical journal.

C．An engineering textbook.

D．A tourist guide.

【小题4】Which of the following shows the structure of the whole text?

A．	B．
C．	D．

   Dragging a sleigh loaded with enough presents for the world’s children can be no easy skill. But, since ancient times, the Christmas Eve duty has been performed by a team of beloved reindeer.

Soon, however, Santa Claus may have to start looking around for a stronger type of animal, as newresearch shows the species is becoming increasingly puny. A 16-year survey on the arctic Norwegian islands, Svalbard, found the reindeer there have declined in weight by an alarming 12 percent.

The reduction in average body weight is being blamed on global warming. In the research presented lately at a meeting of the British Ecological Society in Liverpool, scientists have explained how upward temperatures are robbing female reindeer of nutrients during important periods of pregnancy.

Snow in Svalbard typically covers the ground for eight months of a year, which, combined with low temperatures, limits grass growth to June and July. But as summer temperatures increase by around 1. 5℃, grass has become more productive, allowing female reindeer to gain more weight by autumn and therefore to have more babies. However, winters have brought with them greater rainfall which freezes when it settles on the snow. Reindeer can often access the poor food sources beneath the snow by clearing it away with their antlers (鹿角) , but they cannot break through the hard ice. As a result, female reindeer are becoming starved, causing them to lose their babies or give birth to the much lighter young.

Despite the findings, reindeer appear to be suffering less from the effect of climate change than some other arctic species. Last week the scientists warned that a third of the world’s polar bears could disappear in the next 40 years.

【小题1】Which of the following can replace the underlined word “puny” in Paragraph 2?

A．strong	B．mature
C．heavy	D．weak

【小题2】Why do female reindeer become fat in autumn?

A．Because the temperature is getting low.

B．Because they give birth to more babies.

C．Because grass grows well during the period.

D．Because they often break through the hard ice.

【小题3】What can we infer from the text?

A．Climate change has little effect on reindeer.

B．Polar bears suffer more from climate change.

C．Reindeer have no trouble finding food in winter.

D．Polar bears will disappear totally in the near future.

【小题4】What does the text mainly talk about?

A．The Christmas Eve duty will still be carried out by reindeer.

B．Reindeer have decreased in weight owing to global warming.

C．Global warming contributes to more young reindeer.

D．Many arctic species are at the risk of dying out.

语法填空

In many countries today, laws protect wildlife. In India, the need for such protection 【小题1】（realize）centuries ago. About 300 years ago, 【小题2】 Indian writer described forests 【小题3】   were somewhat like national parks today. The killing of animals was 【小题4】（careful）supervised（监督）. Some animals were fully protected in the forest. Nobody was allowed 【小题5】（cut）timber（木材）, burn wood for charcoal, or catch animals for their fur. Animals which became 【小题6】（danger） to human visitors were caught or killed outside the park, so that other animals would not become uneasy.

The need for wildlife protection is 【小题7】（great）now than before. About a thousand species of animals are in danger of dying out, and the rate at which they are being destroyed 【小题8】（increase）. If we don't take 【小题9】（measure）to protect wildlife,some day our children will see no living creatures 【小题10】 themselves.

短文改错

Who is willing to drink the polluting water? It can cause us to be ill but even to die. We can’t wait for the moment to protect our water sources. The water we use coming from the ocean, lakes, rivers or streams. But many of these water sources are getting serious polluted. Towns and cities pump sewage（污水）into the water. Many people are throwing all kinds dirty things into the water. Factories poured waste material into the water. Therefore, water sources have become so badly polluted that some of the water is fit to drink or use it. Now it is high time when we should do something to protect our water environment from being polluted.