题干

   Since 1964,colleges and universities in the U. S. have used Test of English as a Foreign Language,or TOEFL,to measure an international applicant's(申请人的)level of English. Universities in English-speaking European countries began using the International English Language Testing System,or IELTS,in 1989. These two tests have been the main choices for English ability testing in higher education admissions for international students until now.

In recent years,several companies have developed new English language tests that are low-cost and easy to use. And they aim to do more than just offer greater choices in the admissions process.

Founded in 2012, Duolingo creates software that teaches users many different languages, including English. In 2014, the company launched its own test of English language ability.

Jennifer Dewar works with Duolingo, helping to develop the test. She formerly worked as an admissions official at Washington University in St. Louis, Misouri. The school is one of hundreds of colleges, universities and other organizations in and outside the U. S. that now accept the test results for international admissions into their study programs.

Dewar says Duolingo created the test to lower the barriers to higher education for people worldwide, especially those in developing countries.

TOEFL and the IELTS cost about $ 300. They are given in a limited number of centers around the world. Some test-takers have to travel to take the tests, adding to the costs. Duolingo offers its test entirely over the Internet for $ 49. All test-takers need is access to a computer with a microphone,listening device and self-facing camera.

TOEFL,the IELTS and Duolingo measure a person's English reading,listening,speaking and writing abilities. But it takes about 45 minutes to complete a Duolingo test,compared to three or four hours for TOEFL or the IELTS. It is possible because Duolingo uses artificial intelligence(人工智能)to adapt to test-takers' abilities,using fewer questions to measure their skills.

【小题1】Why were TOEFL and the IELTS set up?
A.To make people understand English-speaking countries.
B.To help teachers to teach in colleges and universities in Europe.
C.To test an international applicant's level of English.
D.To help international applicants to improve their sEnglish.
【小题2】When did Duolingo begin to use its own test of English language ability?
A.In 1964.B.In 1989.
C.In 2012.D.In 2014.
【小题3】Compared to TOEFL and the IELTS, Duolingo _____________.
A.widely used in English tests
B.a less difficult test
C.affordable and convenient
D.a face-to-face test
【小题4】What is the author's purpose in writing the text?
A.To introduce Duolingo.
B.To instruct us how to pass English tests.
C.To introduce overseas studying.
D.To promote English teaching.
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同类题1

   Onions make you cry, add flavor to food and win popularity for their medicinal benefits. Now the vegetable has another use—_____ green energy.

Anew system debuts(首次亮相)on Friday that _____ onion juice into electricity at Gills Onions, the largest fresh onion processor in the United States.

The Oxnard, California-based company _____ its new onion-fueled power to reduce its electric bill by $700,000 a year and _____ its annual greenhouse gas emissions by up to 30,000 tons.

The _____ ending to this green energy tale, however, started with another question: how to _____ onion waste.

“_____ we peel an onion, 35 to 40 percent of the onion comes off before we have a(n)_____ onion. That's the top, tail and skin around the onion, and _____ we can get to the meat,” said Steven Gill, co-owner of the 25-year-old company.

They used to pull the waste to the fields for compost(混合肥料), but that turned out to be a tough ______. Ten years ago, Gill started looking at technology for a(n) _____, including microturbines(微型燃气轮机).

“We ______ cutting the skins into pieces and extracting all the ______, which is very high in sugars, and bacteria love that stuff,” Gill said.

In the new system, bacteria ______ methane(甲烷)gas from the juice. The gas then goes to two 300 kilowatt fuel cells, creating ______ power for 460 homes. If everything goes smoothly, ______ are that the company will get 35 to 40 percent of its electricity from the on-site generator.

The company ______ $ 9. 5 million in the project and will receive $2. 7 million from Southern California Gas Co. _____ cutting its electric bill, the company will save $400,000 in costs and expects paybacks in the new future.

The onion grower now has a new ______: to be a zero-waste facility in the coming decade.

“We want to ______ it all the way through and make the full circle,” Gill said.

【小题1】
A.storingB.conveyingC.generatingD.pushing
【小题2】
A.changesB.transportsC.movesD.throws
【小题3】
A.urgesB.expectsC.assumesD.promises
【小题4】
A.controlB.removeC.checkD.cut
【小题5】
A.satisfyingB.disappointingC.suitableD.stable
【小题6】
A.take care ofB.look out forC.get rid ofD.give way to
【小题7】
A.WhenB.UnlessC.OnceD.Until
【小题8】
A.deliciousB.practicalC.accessibleD.usable
【小题9】
A.eventuallyB.luckilyC.probablyD.suddenly
【小题10】
A.problemB.decisionC.situationD.mistake
【小题11】
A.excuseB.agreementC.solutionD.judgment
【小题12】
A.end upB.hold outC.set outD.take up
【小题13】
A.tailsB.skinsC.gasD.juice
【小题14】
A.protectB.produceC.preventD.introduce
【小题15】
A.muchB.moreC.enoughD.too
【小题16】
A.challengesB.chancesC.guessesD.things
【小题17】
A.appliedB.distributedC.investedD.attracted
【小题18】
A.In terms ofB.In response toC.In exchange forD.In addition to
【小题19】
A.worryB.achievementC.adventureD.goal
【小题20】
A.observeB.followC.getD.put

同类题2

   A start-up company in California, called Zume, is testing machines that make pizza. The robot takes and shapes dough to create the base of the pizza. It then adds tomato sauce, cheese, meat or other toppings. Next, the robot places the uncooked pizza into a hot oven. A few minutes later, the pizza is ready. The pizza comes out the same each time. Zume says the robots work quickly and do not get sick. The robots do not get paid either.

Julia Collins is the company’s founder and chief executive officer (CEO) . Her business can spend money on better food products because it does not have to pay the robots. Zume is using robots to make pizza.

Charity Suzuki has bought the robot-made pizza. She likes its taste. “It’s delicious. It’s always hot and fresh when it comes. I mean it’s great that they’re making it, but I can’t tell the difference that it’s made by a robot versus a human.”

Other companies say they are developing robots so people can get higher quality food faster. But what about the jobs the robots are taking from humans?

Ken Goldberg is a professor at the University of California in Berkeley. He also directs the school’s automation laboratory. Goldberg says researchers have been working with robots for 50 years. He says that, while there has been progress, the jobs are not going to disappear right away. “I want to reassure (使放心) restaurant workers that the skills that they have are still going to be of value,” Goldberg said.

“We’re going to get rid of boring, repetitive, dangerous jobs and we’re going to free up people to do things that have higher value. There’s going to be amazing new ways of working that don’t exist yet but are going to be created.”

【小题1】Why can Zume devote more money to better food products?
A.It earns a lot by selling pizza.B.It wants to create more robots.
C.It can save a lot by using robots.D.It hopes to attract more customers.
【小题2】What can we know about the robot-made pizza according to Suzuki?
A.It really agrees with her.B.It is hot and fresh all the time.
C.It is tastier than the man-made.D.It is delicious and free of charge.
【小题3】What’s the benefit of robots’ making pizza?
A.They work efficiently.B.They help sick people.
C.They need few payments.D.They produce more food.
【小题4】What does Goldberg think of the jobs of restaurant workers?
A.Interesting.B.Boring.
C.Dangerous.D.Necessary.

同类题3

Safety is a huge concern whenever I run with my earphones in. But I need music to run. Otherwise all I hear is the sound of my own breathing. So I’ve found a compromise: I run with only one earphone in. The music sounds off. It’s an imperfect solution.
An updated pair of headphones, called AfterShokz, aim to do better. AfterShokz bills itself as using bone conducting technology to conduct music from the front of the ear, delivering sound through your cheekbone and inner ear. This keeps your eardrum (鼓膜) free to hear everything else.
“Earbuds (耳塞式耳机) are typically designed to block out all sound, which is fine when you’re inside. But when you’re outside, you need all your senses. It would be like sending you out cycling with a blindfold on,” says Rod Annet, managing director of AfterShokz.
Here’s where AfterShokz comes in. The headphones hook over the back of your head with the main “bud” resting high up against your cheek. This keeps your ear free to delight in other sounds.
So do they work? In a word, yes. During a 45-minute jog, they didn’t bounce or shift. I heard far more of my environment than I normally do: a nearby bike there; a runner passing me again to my left; and so forth.
What about the downsides? If you’re a huge fan of high-quality sound, you might find the headphones a bit tinny. One friend expressed concerns about missing the ability to get lost in the music as you might be distracted by other noises, although I personally didn’t find that an issue.
Yet those are all minor details. For me, probably the biggest problem is the price. Ranging between £ 49.96 to £ 83.29, AfterShokz headphones aren’t exactly cheap.
With all that considered, would I recommend them? Yes. AfterShokz headphones are quite useful. While out jogging, they were light, painless, and easy to use. They made me feel safer.
【小题1】What is special about AfterShokz headphones?
A.They are a good choice for inside use.
B.They allow users to hear other sounds.
C.They can make music sound more beautiful.
D.They can deliver sound through your eardrum.
【小题2】What does the author’s friend think of AfterShokz headphones?
A.They prevent users getting lost.
B.They deliver high—quality sound.
C.They often move while users are running.
D.They fail to allow users to enjoy the music.
【小题3】The author thinks AfterShokz headphones .
A.are too expensiveB.seem quite useless
C.make users feel painD.are too complex to use
【小题4】What is the main purpose of the text?
A.To express worries.B.To introduce a product.
C.To share a personal story.D.To complain about a product.

同类题4

   A new tool of communication called the "drift diary" is doing the rounds among young college graduates.

The "drift diary", like those ancient paper messages put into a bottle left to drift on the high seas to reach hundreds of miles away, connects lonely hearts. It was first started by a Beijing woman, who goes by the screen name Little S, in 2007.It has become the preferred tool of communication among youngsters afraid to reveal their innermost self to peers, but wanting to share their lives with others. The way it works is that the initiator(发起人)of the diary mentions it on popular Internet forums such as Tianya and Douban. Those wanting to react or otherwise add to the diary then send their real names and addresses to the initiator via e-mails or text messages.

The numbers in one group are usually restricted to between 30 and 50. The diary then is passed on to another by the express delivery or personal handover. The diary writers are mostly anonymous(匿名的)but if they wish to reveal their identity they can do so by posting their contact information at the end of their postings.

The diary writers not just add words but also decorate the plain notebooks with cartoons, drawings or even dress it up with a ribbon or a new cover. Interesting experiences, travel journals, the simple joys of everyday living or sweet recollections of childhood, all find a place in these diaries. Most often, though, the writers set down their frustrations and predicaments.

It usually takes one year for a diary to return to the initiator. The last recorder is the luckiest one, with access to all previous entries, while others can request photocopies of them from the diary's initiator.

【小题1】Why is the "drift diary" popular among youngsters?
A.Because they hate using the Internet.
B.Because they like to show themselves to peers.
C.Because they want to share their lives with strangers.
D.Because they find it fashionable to be a diary writer.
【小题2】Which one shows the correct way a drift diary works?
①The diary then is passed on between the recorders.
②The diary returns to the initiator.
③The initiator of the diary makes a mention online.
④Participants request photocopies of the diary from the diary's initiator.
⑤Those who want to participate in the program get in touch with the initiator.
A.③⑤①④②B.③⑤①②④
C.④⑤①②③D.①③⑤②④.
【小题3】What does the underlined word "predicaments" in the last but one paragraph probably mean?
A.Successful experiences.B.Sense of achievement.
C.Difficult situations.D.Favorable conditions.
【小题4】Which of the following can be used as the best title for the passage?
A.Drift Diary——A New Tool of Communication
B.How a Drift Diary Works
C.Share Your Lives with Strangers
D.The Diary Passed on