题干

   Golf is big business in America, with a total economy estimated at nearly 70 billion dollars. The U.S. is also the world’s biggest market for golf equipment, according to a report from Golf Datatech. The other top countries are Japan, South Korea, United Kingdom, Canada and China. But the industry is working on ways to make golf more appealing, especially to young Americans.

The CEO of the U. S. -based World Golf Foundation, Steve Mona, believes the current state of golf is healthy and stable. His group says about 20 million Americans regularly play the game. But Mona also sees the need for change, to get more people to discover and play golf. He said the industry has focused on ways to make the game faster, funnier and more playable.

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Some golf courses have expanded fairways (球道) so golfers have less chance of losing balls in water or trees. Others move up the starting point for young or new players, so they are closer to the hole.

Some new courses also have fewer obstacles (障碍物) than those in the past, such as water ponds or sand traps. And the area near the hole is sometimes designed flatter, to keep the ball from rolling too much.

These changes could also attract adult golfers who want to play a faster, less difficult game. But with young people, Mona said it is important to get them interested at an early age.

Drive, Chip and Putting Championship

One program to do this is the Drive, Chip and Putting Championship, for girls and boys.

The name of the competition refers to golf’s three main skills. Driving is when a golfer hits the ball far at the start of the game. A chip is a much shorter shot, usually taken close to the hole. Putting refers to hitting the ball softly in the area near the hole, called the green.

Junior Golf Champions

Girls and boys from all 50 U. S. states compete in the championship. Organizers say the program has been one of the best ways to bring young people to golf. But Mona said it was not enough just to get people interested. “The challenge for us in the golf industry is that we have to change interest into trials,” he said. “And then change trials into actual participation in the game.”

Sam Schmitz is studying professional golf management at Eastern Kentucky University. He also believes speeding up the game will get more people to try golf. “For the younger generation, the biggest complaint about golf is how long it takes,” he said. A full game can last four hours.

【小题1】What is the passage mainly about?
A.How golf can appeal to more people.B.Why the U. S. is the country of golf.
C.Whether young people like playing golf.D.How a child can he good at playing golf.
【小题2】Which of the following subtitles can be put in the blank of the passage?
A.Changeable Positions of the FairwaysB.Sharp Increase in the Obstacles
C.Modern Changes on the CoursesD.Increasing Popularity of Golf
【小题3】What is Sam’s attitude towards speeding up the game?
A.Doubtful.B.Unconcerned.
C.Critical.D.Favorable.
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同类题1

   Forcing waiters and waitresses to survive on tips from customers rather than normal wages is a pointless, rough, and unique American custom that, in the past several years, a handful of progressive restaurant owners have attempted to do away with. Now one of the most famous names in the dining business says he’s about to join their ranks. Danny Meyer, CEO of Union Square Hospitality Group, has announced that he plans to gradually stop tipping at the company’s 13 restaurants.

What, exactly, is wrong with tipping? To start with, leaving a waiter’s pay in the hands of customers causes a feeling of discrimination (歧视). In theory, handing restaurant customers the power to tip is at least supposed to inspire better, more attentive service. This fails in practice because humans turn out to be pretty arbitrary (随心所欲的) about their tipping behavior. Research has shown that the amount diners leave has very little to do with their level of satisfaction. All of this doesn’t encourage waiters and waitresses to do anything but turn over as many tables as possible.

Tipping is also very unfair to kitchen staff. The law allows restaurants to divide tips among front-of-the- house workers like waiters, hosts, and hostesses, but not cooks. This creates a system in which the people serving the food in a restaurant can earn more than the people preparing it.

One of the most appealing parts of Meyer’s move is that, unlike some restaurant owners who have taken an anti-tipping view, he won’t simply add a standard extra charge to diners’ bills. Rather, Union Square Hospitality Group intends to raise menu prices enough to fully cover the cost of a meal. If Meyer manages to move away from tipping at all without hurting his profits, it will almost certainly set the stage for others to follow suit.

【小题1】What do we know about the restaurants stopping tipping in Paragraph 1?
A.Their number is growing.
B.Their aim is to make more money.
C.They are damaging waiters and waitresses, profits.
D.They are widely supported by customers.【小题2】What’s waiters and waitresses’ attitude toward the present tipping custom?
A.They are encouraged to work hard to get tips.
B.They are against it for they get different tips.
C.They think it’s fair to their work labor.
D.Not all of them are satisfied with it.【小题3】What will customers feel after dinning in Danny Meyer’s restaurants?
A.Eating there is cheaper. B. The service there is better.
B.The price of the food is higher.    D. The restaurants are more crowded.【小题4】What would be the best title of the text?
A.The disadvantages of tipping B. Difficulties faced by restaurants
B.How to run restaurants successfully D. Some restaurants are removing tipping

同类题2

London’s newest skyscraper (摩天大楼)is called the Shard and it cost about 430 million pounds to build. At a height of almost 310 metres, it is the tallest building in Europe. The Shard has completely changed the appearance of London. However, not everyone thinks that it is a change for the better.
The Shard was designed by the famous Italian architect Renzo Piano. When he began designing the Shard for London, Piano wanted a very tall building that looked like a spire (尖顶)• He wanted the glass surfaces to reflect the sky and the city. The sides of the building aren’t regular. So the building has an unusual shape. It looks like a very thin,sharp piece of broken glass. And that is how the building got the name: the Shard. Piano says that the spire shape of the Shard is part of a great London tradition. The shape reminds him of the spires of the churches of London or the tall masts (桅杆)of the ships that were once on the river Thames.
The Shard has 87 floors. At the top, there is an observatory. At the moment the building is empty, but eventually there will be a five-star hotel. There will also be top quality restaurants, apartments and offices.
Before building work began, a lot of people didn’t want the Shard though the plans were approved. Now they are still unhappy about the Shard. Some critics say that such a tall skyscraper might be good in a city like New York, but not in London. They say that the best thing about the Shard is its spire shape. But that is the only thing. There is no decoration, only flat surfaces. The Egyptians did that 4,500 years ago. They also think the Shard is too big for London. It destroys the beauty of the city.
Other critics don’t like what the Shard seems to represent. They say that the Shard shows how London is becoming more unequal. Only very rich people can afford to buy the expensive private apartments and stay in the hotel. But the people who live near the Shard are among the poorest in London. So the Shard seems a symbol of the division in society between the very rich and the poor.
The Shard now dominates the London skyline. It is not certain, however, that ordinary London citizens will ever accept it as a valuable addition to the city.
【小题1】London’s newest skyscraper is called the Shard because of ._____
A.its cost
B.its size
C.its shape
D.its height
【小题2】When he designed the Shard, Piano wanted it to _____
A.change London’s skyline
B.inherit London’s tradition
C.imitate the Egyptian style
D.attract potential visitors
【小题3】The critics who refer to social division think the Shard_______ .
A.is only preferred by the rich
B.is intended for wealthy people
C.is far away from the poor area
D.is popular only with Londoners
【小题4】Which would be the best title for the passage?
A.The Shard: Cheers and Claps
B.The Shard: Work of a Great Architect
C.The Shard: New Symbol of London?
D.The Shard: A Change for the Better?

同类题3

C
Hilversum is a medium-sized city between the major cities of Amsterdam and Utrecht in the Gooi area of North Holland, the Netherlands. Unlike most of the Netherlands, Hilversum is actually in a hilly area with the soil mostly consisting of sand. Once called the Garden of Amsterdam, it still attracts travelers to come over to cycle and walk through the surrounding forests. They visit it for a relaxing day off from the urban madness. For Dutch people, Hilversum is all about textile (纺织) and media industries, and modern architecture.
In history, Hilversum was largely an agricultural area. Daily life was marked by farming, sheep raising and wool production. A railway link to Amsterdam in 1874 attracted rich traders from Amsterdam to Hilversum. They build themselves large villas (别墅) in the wooded surroundings of the town. One of the families moving in was the Brenninkmeijers, currently the wealthiest family of the Netherlands. They moved in after big success in the textile industry and aided a substantial textile industry in Hilversum. But the textile boom lasted only several decades. The last factory closed in the 1960s.
The change to a media economy started in 1920, when the Nederlandse Seintoestedllen Fabriek (NSF) established a radio factory in Hiversum. Most radio stations called in the large villas in the leafy areas of the town. Television gave another push to the local economy. Hilversum became the media capital of the Netherlands, and Dutch televison stars moved into the leafy neighborhoods surrounding the town.
In the early 1900s, modern architcts W.M. Dudok and J. Duiker placed hundreds of remarkable buildings in Hilversum. These modern architectural masterpieces (杰作) are so many that Hilversum almost feels like an open air museum. Dudok alone shaped most 20th century Hilversum and approximately 75 buildings in 1928-1931. It has wide international fame and is included in many architecture textbooks. The building has a remarkable shape and looks like a combination of “blocks”. Actually, one may start his journey of modern architecture by walking or biking the W.M. Dudok Architectural Route in Hilversum.
【小题1】Hilversum is different from most of the Netherlands in that ______.
A.it has a large population
B.it is cut off from big cities
C.it has many beautiful gardens
D.it is in a hilly area with sandy soil
【小题2】What was the greatest contribution of the Brenninkmeijers to Hilversum?
A.Building a railway link to Amsterdam
B.Helping its textile industry to develop
C.Constructing large villas for the poor
D.Assisting its agricultural industry
【小题3】The beginning of the media industry in Hilversum was marked by the establishment of ______.
A.a radio factory
B.the medial capital
C.a radio station
D.a TV station
【小题4】What is known about W.M. Dudok’s Hilversum Town Hall?
A.It consists of approximately 75 buildings
B.It looks like an open air museum in the city
C.It is a classic example in architecture textbooks
D.It has shaped most of 20th century Hilvesum.

同类题4

   Brandon Paulin is the top official in the town of Indian Head even if he is only 19years old. Mr. Paulin started the job in May, and his first goal is to recover the business in the town. The area is about two and a half kilometers wide and sits between two rivers. About 4,000 people live there. It includes small businesses, old homes on tree-lined streets, and new townhouses along the highway. It is about an hour's drive away from Washington, D. C. But on the way to the capital, the highway passes the remains of closed businesses. The shops failed largely because of competition from shopping centers in larger cities.

Mr. Paulin says when some people drive into Indian Head and see the empty buildings, they just turn around and leave. He hopes to return the town to a friendly and successful place with natural beauty where people want to live and visit. “Many years ago,Indian Head was a booming(繁荣的) town, and that's what I want to get back,” he said.

Right now, the people who own the old, empty buildings are permitted to use their properties to reduce their taxes. Mr. Paulin wants to change the situation. He plans to charge owners a fee for empty buildings,and to increase the cost every year.

The owner of a local health food  store where Mr. Paulin buys fruit drinks is also happy about the young mayor. Kelly Murphy says,“His age doesn't bother me. I know he's excited, and I feel when we get around him, we will feel excited too. We've lost that for many years in this town. ”

Mr. Paulin began taking part in city politics at the age of 10. At that time, he urged town officials to put in signs urging drivers to be aware of pedestrians (行李). Mr. Paulin succeeded. Since then, he has been involved in the town government.

As a mayor, Mr. Paulin earns only $6,000 a year. Mr. Paulin lives at home and takes college classes online. His mother, Wendy Paulin, says her son accepts challenges and works on problems until he has a solution.

【小题1】We can learn from the passage that Brandon Paulin's goal is to __________ .
A.rescue the remains of closed businesses
B.develop Indian Head into a shopping town
C.bring Indian Head back to a booming town
D.become an extraordinary leader in America
【小题2】The business in Indian Head has failed mainly because __________ .
A.many shop owners moved to Washington D. C.
B.many customers preferred to buy things in larger cities
C. fewer visitors chose to go there because of the highway
D. many shop  owners  became  unfriendly to their customers
【小题3】How does Brandon Paulin plan to encourage the recovery of Indian Head?
A.By helping the owners to decorate their empty buildings.
B.By charging those who don't use their empty buildings.
C.By reducing taxes the. owners should pay every year.
D.By setting a good example of buying fruit drinks.
【小题4】What attitude does Kelly Murphy hold towards Brandon Paulin?
A.Supportive.B.Unconcerned.
C.Negative.D.Worried.

同类题5

   Twenty-five years ago, most young Britons wanted a career in law, to be a doctor, or, if they were creative enough, to take up singing. But today, things stand different.

According to a survey by Tesco Mobile, a UK company, the "dream job" of young people aged between 16 and 25 in the UK is a video blogger, or "vlogger". The survey, carried out among 1,002 people, found that as many as 40 percent of them put vloggers as their number one choice on a list of ideal careers.

This change is undoubtedly as a result of the Internet and social media. They have made it so much easier to reach audience of the world, without having to enter a career in show business in the traditional way.

In the past, the biggest stars were trained by the Hollywood studios; now, anyone with a computer camera can become a star. Vloggers are the big stars of today because they are normal people interacting(交流)with their fans about everyday life.

However, what people see is only the bright side of being a vlogger and they fail to notice the fact that only those who are successful earn fame(名声)and fortune. For every success there are hundreds of others who never get off the starting line. There are the dreams that come true and the dreams that remain dreams forever.

Although being vloggers is popular, some young people choose to follow careers that don't necessarily earn them fame, but that allow them to make good use of the Internet to share their hobbies. Young Israeli David Leshaw, for example, runs a business called the

Finishers Club. It's an online platform for runners to keep a record of their races. His job allows him to express his enthusiasm, and is always a learning experience. And that's enough for him.

【小题1】Why do more and more young Britons choose to be vloggers?
A.Vloggers can earn greater fame and more money on the Internet.
B.There is too much competition in the traditional show business.
C.The Internet makes it convenient to enter show business.
D.Anyone with a computer will surely become a star.
【小题2】What can we infer from the fifth paragraph?
A.Only a few vloggers can be successful.
B.A vlogger cannot earn fame or fortune.
C.Being a vlogger is not a good career.
D.Dreams will come true one day.
【小题3】What do some young people like David do on the Internet?
A.Learn from others.
B.Become an online hit.
C.Hold running races.
D.Mix jobs with hobbies.
【小题4】What is the passage mainly about?
A.Most young Britons choose to be vloggers as their jobs based on their hobbies.
B.The Internet is influencing young Britons' career choice.
C.The Internet is taking the place of traditional studios.
D.Young Britons cannot find jobs without the Internet.