William Herschel was born on November 15th, 1738 in Hanover in a family of musicians. In 1757,he fled to England and began earning a living as an organist and later composer and conductor. In 1772, he convinced his sister Caroline to join him as a singer. In their spare time the brother-sister team became occupied in astronomy. William died at his home in Slough, near Windsor on August 25th,1822,and Caroline on September 1st,1848.
Herschel’s first major discoveries were to show that Mars and Jupiter exhibit axial rotation(绕轴自转). Herschel struck fame in 1781,when on March 13th he discovered the planet Uranus(天王星) while engaged in work aimed at determining stellar parallax(恒星视差).This being the first new planet discovered since ancient times, Herschel, until then a mere amateur astronomer relatively unknown even in England, became world-famous. Adopting a historically proven strategy, Herschel named the new planet Georgium Sidum,in honor of the then ruling English king GeorgeⅢ. The trick worked once again, as King GeorgeⅢ gave William and Caroline the titles of“The King’s Astronomer”and“Assistant to the King’s Astronomer”, an honor which came with a life’s pension for both. In 1782 they moved to Bath, and shortly thereafter to Slough, and from this point on William and Caroline could devote themselves entirely to astronomy. The Herschels went on to discover two moons of Uranus in 1787.
While Caroline became increasingly occupied with the search for comets at which she was quite successful, William became for a time interested in the Sun. Inspired by Wilson’s 1774 work, he put forth the theory of sunspots(太阳黑子),an opinion that continued to exist well into the nineteenth century. In 1800,he became interested in the solar spectrum(太阳光谱),and uncovered the first evidence for solar energy output outside of the visible spectrum, in what is now known as the infrared(红外线).In 1801, he published two papers that effectively started the field of solar influences on Earth’s weather.
【小题1】Herschel made himself known to the world mainly by .

A．discovering the planet Uranus

B．determining stellar parallax

C．discovering two moons of Uranus

D．uncovering the evidence for the infrared

【小题2】It can be inferred from the passage that George Ⅲ .

A．liked science and technology

B．liked Herschel’s naming of the new planet

C．was interested in astronomy

D．gave Herschel a lot of useful suggestions

【小题3】What do we know about Caroline from the passage?

A．She was successful in music.

B．She was given the title of“The King’s Astronomer”.

C．She died later than her brother.

D．She published two papers.

【小题4】This passage mainly tells readers .

A．some information about Herschel and his sister

B．how Herschel and his sister discovered the planet Uranus

C．Herschel and Caroline got along well with each other

D．Herschel and Caroline’s major scientific publications

Just Love
My story is about receiving unconditional love from my students.
With so much going against immigrants, I want to share this story that blessed an immigrant like me.
I teach nursing here in the US. I am from China, and I just 【小题1】start) working in a community college in California in July 2016. At the beginning, I was 【小题2】(worry) that I couldn’t make myself 【小题3】(understand) by my students as my accent was different. I thought I would never be accepted. My thoughts were 【小题4】(complete)wrong! Each day they encouraged me 【小题5】(get) better. They never discourage me.
As weeks passed, my students came up with an idea to encourage this foreign teacher of 【小题6】(they). They gave me a prize for getting better with my 【小题7】(pronounce). I was given a packet of Skittles(彩虹糖), 【小题8】truly moved my heart. I am so thankful to my students. It’s not that I teach them nursing, but that they teach me life. I am glad to be 【小题9】teacher to these hard-working students who try hard to be wonderful future nurses.
I just want to encourage anyone feeling depressed. Never give 【小题10】. There is always hope.

语法填空

Some taxi drivers often like to chat with passengers to kill time when the taxis are caught 【小题1】 traffic jams. The other day，I went home by taxi. Knowing I was a student，the driver told me that he was once a student twenty years ago. 【小题2】（fortunate），his family could not afford the school fees，so he dropped out of school at 【小题3】 early age. He encouraged me 【小题4】（work）hard and go to a good college. I 【小题5】 (move) by his kindness, but what really impressed me next was his honesty. After arriving home, I soon realized that I 【小题6】 (leave) my cell phone in the taxi. Greatly worried,I immediately called my number, 【小题7】 (pray) the driver would answer. Then came the driver's voice from the other end. He told me he had been expecting my call and that he would gladly return my phone 【小题8】 he dropped me off 【小题9】 (early) that day. Thanks to the driver, I got my phone back. I believe honesty is one of the greatest 【小题10】 (quality)a person should have.

When I was growing up, I had an old neighbor named Doctor Gibbs. He didn't look like any doctor I'd ever known. He never yelled at us for playing in his yard, but was always very kind.
When Doctor Gibbs wasn't saving lives, he was planting trees. He had some interesting theories about planting trees. He believed in the principle: "No pains, no gains". He hardly watered his new trees, which flew in the face of conventional wisdom. Once I asked why and he told me that watering plants spoiled them because it made them grow weaker. He said you had to make things tough for the trees so that only the strongest could survive. He talked about how watering trees made them develop shallow roots and how, if they were not watered, trees would grow deep roots in search of water. So, instead of watering his trees every morning, he'd beat them with a rolled-up newspaper. I asked him why he did that, and he said it was to get the tree's attention.
Doctor Gibbs died a couple of years after I left home. Every now and then, I walked by his house and looked at the trees that I'd watched him plant some twenty five years ago. They were all tall and strong.
I planted a couple of trees myself a few years ago. Two years of attending these trees meant they grew up weak. Whenever a cold wind blew, their branches trembled. Adversity(逆境) seemed to benefit Doctor Gibb's trees in ways comfort and ease never could.
Every night before I go to bed, I check on my two sons. I often pray that their lives will be easy. But lately I've been thinking that it's time to change my prayer. I know my children are going to meet with hardship. There's always a cold wind blowing somewhere. What we need to do is to pray for deep roots, so when the rains fall and the winds blow, we won't be torn apart.
【小题1】With the trees planted, Doctor Gibbs often __________.

A．paid little attention to them

B．kept watering them every morning

C．talked to them to get their attention

D．beat them to make them grow deep roots

【小题2】What does the author think of the way Doctor Gibbs planted trees?

A．Strange and harmful.

B．Interesting and funny.

C．Cruel and unacceptable.

D．Original and reasonable.

【小题3】Which prayer does the author wish for his sons?

A．Meet people like Dr Gibbs in the future.

B．Be able to stand the rain and wind in their lives.

C．Have an easy life, without too much to worry about.

D．Have good luck, encountering less hardship in their life.

【小题4】Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?

A．Prayers for my sons

B．Doctor Gibbs and his trees

C．Growing roots

D．Watering trees

I climbed Kilimanjaro with Lava Expeditions during the rainy season.
I【小题1】(fly) to Nairobi in Kenya and spent several days there. At my hotel in Nairobi I met the rest of the group with 【小题2】 I would spend the next week. We all traveled on the bus together for 【小题3】 8-hour journey into Tanzania and then Arusha, a quiet town.
After we arrived at our hotel in Arusha, we had dinner and a few drinks. Then we 【小题4】(introduce) to more members including Taddeus Minja, the main guide, who was very 【小题5】(experience) --- climbing Kilimanjaro runs through the generations of 【小题6】(he) family.
The next day the Lava Expeditions members checked if we had the correct and enough clothing for our expedition on Kilimanjaro. Only one person needed to bring more clothes. After that we set off,【小题7】(walk) in the rain through the beauty of the rainforest, all the way to the first camp. I was happy the next few days as the view was so wonderful and changed every day. I suffered a little during the trip and I felt so tired. But the members of Lava Expeditions provided me 【小题8】lots of encouragement, which was one of the best 【小题9】(memory). Finally we reached the top of Kilimanjaro in bright blue skies.
I felt excited about climbing Kilimanjaro and the feeling didn’t change during my trip. The fellow members of Lava Expeditions looked after me so well that I was 【小题10】(deep) thankful for their help.