In the United States, heart disease continues to be the number one cause of death of both men and women. However,the numbers are not the same between the two genders（性别）: clearly more men than women are diagnosed with heart disease every year.
In a new study, researchers involved 17 male and female volunteers, a near-equal mix of both genders, and looked for the effects stress had on the blood flow of their hearts. The tests were taken in all the subjects at rest and also while they did three minutes of mental math where they were given a series of arithmetic problems. In order to increase the stress levels during performing this task, the researchers urged（敦促） the participants to solve the problems faster or told them that they gave the wrong answer even when the answer was correct. At the end of the task, all 17 volunteers went through the same three heart function tests again.
It turned out that at rest there were very few differences between the results of the three tests in both men and women. During the mental math experiment, all the participants showed an increase in heart rates and blood pressure, regardless of gender. However, researchers found that while men showed an increase in the blood flow of their hearts under stress, there was no change in women. Dr. Chester Ray, professor of medicine who led the research, said in the statement that the findings come as a surprise since previous（先前的） studies have shown that men have more greatly reduced the heart blood flow than women during the physical stress from exercising. He added that reduction of stress is important to any person, regardless of gender,but this new study shows how mental stress differently affects the hearts of women, putting them at higher risk of heart disease.
According to researchers, these new findings of their work show the influence of mental or emotional stress on a person's physical health, and could explain why the heart disease like losing a partner happens almost only in women. More studies on the matter are needed in order to find out the reason behind this gender difference in the body's response to stress more thoroughly. More research could lead to more effective treatments and better prevention efforts for women who are more likely to suffer heart disease.
【小题1】What did the researchers want to do by forcing the subjects to work faster?

A．To get them to feel more stressed physically.

B．To make them feel more worried emotionally.

C．To let them give the wrong answer on purpose.

D．To have them perform worse in the tests at last.

【小题2】From the passage we can know the previous studies ______.

A．have explained how physical activity increases men's heart blood flow

B．have shown the relationship between a person's mental stress and physical stress

C．have shown physical activity makes men's heart blood flow reduced more than women

D．have explained the importance of keeping mental and physical health regardless of gender

【小题3】What can be concluded from the passage?

A．Mental stress hurts men's hearts more than women's.

B．Mental stress has a gender difference at different time.

C．Women feel more heartbroken when losing a partner.

D．Women will benefit a lot from more related studies.

【小题4】Where can you most probably read this passage?

A．In a guidebook.

B．In a fiction book.

C．In a health magazine.

D．In a fashion magazine.

   Ever since I was seven years old, my body clock has been set to "nocturnal （夜间活动的） ". If I try to go to sleep earlier, I just lie awake, not sleepy at all. If I try to get up any earlier, it’s not a matter of being "a bit tired" ; I am hardly able to do anything. I feel groggy and find it hard to concentrate.

This caused lots of problems at school: I would wander around unconsciously, not taking anything in refused to go to school and my mum was blamed （责怪） for not being stricter about bedtime, but in reality there was nothing she could do. My mum would get annoyed but she knew that there was no point trying to sleep because she had the same problem.

Finally I was allowed to have classes in the afternoon with a tutor （家庭教师）. This enabled me to get a place at university, but the problems came up again. At first I forced myself to get up for 9 am lectures, but after five mornings I was crying from tiredness. I managed to pass my exams. It was a moment of success for me, proving I had imagination and determination after all these years of being misunderstood and called lazy.

But still I wondered why I couldn’t change my body clock. I have tried everything to change my sleeping habits — forcing myself by going to bed 15 minutes earlier every night, sitting in front of a light box in the morning, using blue candles and cutting out caffeine — but nothing has worked. I even tried sleeping pills, which put me to sleep earlier but didn’t help with the morning experience.

I was sad to discover there was no cure, but I wouldn’t give up.

【小题1】What is the meaning of the underlined word "groggy" in the first paragraph?

A．Tired and sleepy.

B．Excited and satisfied.

C．Sad and worried.

D．Energetic and happy.

【小题2】What does the second paragraph mainly talk about?

A．The author’s school teachers.

B．The author’s problems at school.

C．The author’s mom and school.

D．The author’s mom’s problems.

【小题3】All through the school years, the author ______.

A．managed to change her natural body clock

B．had to get up for 9 am lectures every day

C．was taught at home by a tutor

D．was referred to as a lazy student

【小题4】In order to change her body clock, the author did all of the following EXCEPT ______.

A．keeping herself awake with a light box in the morning

B．taking some pills and drinking less caffeine

C．making her bedtime a little later every night

D．changing her sleeping time

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

A new study has found that graduate students are six times more likely to show depression symptoms 【小题1】 the general population. Researchers led by Evans, a scientist, surveyed 2,279 students in 26 different 【小题2】 (country). Approximately 40% of the surveyed graduates scored middle 【小题3】 severe for anxiety. Nearly 40 percent of the surveyed graduates also showed signs of middle to severe depression. It’s not hard 【小题4】 (understand) why life as a master student can drive some people crazy. Long hours in researching, social loneliness and feelings of not being respected 【小题5】 (complete) can break even the most motivated persons among us. When this situation persists, the anxiety and depression can become part of their life. The relationship 【小题6】 their teachers is another aspect 【小题7】 can deeply influence a graduate student’s mental health. Among the graduates with anxiety or depression, only half agreed that their professional teachers 【小题8】 (provide) real help. These unbelievable high rates of anxiety and depression, when 【小题9】 (compare) to the general population, are alarming and should serve as 【小题10】 wakeup call for the academic world, expert Evans says.

While I will explain a bit about the science of stress and relaxation a little later simple way to think about it is that our body 's stress response works like a car alarm. Keep us safe by warning us of the presence of danger in our immediate environment.
But instead of warning us with a loud and annoying sound，our body alarm system lets us know that something is wrong by creating changes in our neurochemistry (神经化学）.If you've ever expe­rienced pain in your stomach，periods of extreme anger, inability to focus or even insomnia (失眠），chances are your body was paying the price in those moments for the brain chemistry of stress.
So if it's so uncomfortable，why not just get rid of stress altogether?
This is not only impractical，it would be dangerous. Let's go back to the metaphor (比喻说法）of the car alarm. If the alarm is turned off altogether，the car is exposed to continual danger without there being any way of your knowing about it until it is too late. It would be like walking through the jungle without any fear signal in the presence of a poisonous snake or other dangerous animals — while it might feel “nice” to be so relaxed，your body actually needs the stress response not only to remind you of danger but also to offer extra adrenaline (肾上腺素) for your heart and extra blood  and oxygen for your arms and legs.
However，if the car alarm goes off at any time，someone just looks at the car with a bit of an attitude，and it becomes equally useless. Not only do we stop paying attention to it，but it begins to drive us and everyone around us becomes a little bit crazy. In the case of our bodies，walking around in a constant state of alarm also has some pretty alarming health consequences，which we will explore in greater depth in the next chapter.
【小题1】Our body's stress response is compared to a car alarm in that   .

A．they work all the time	B．they both give a signal
C．they work in the same way	D．they both produce a sound

【小题2】When our body alarm system works，    .

A．we feel calm

B．we feel excited

C．some changes happen in our brain

D．some changes happen in our heart

【小题3】What would happen if stress were got rid of completely?

A．We'11 be free of worries.

B．We'11 achieve a sense of safety.

C．We'11 reach a perfect state of mind.

D．We'11 fail to realize the possible danger.

【小题4】What's the purpose of giving the example of walking through the Jungle in Paragraph 4?

A．To show the harm of stress.

B．To show the effect of stress.

C．To explain the function of stress response.

D．To explain the necessity of stress response.

   AIDS may be one of the most undesirable diseases in the world. Luckily, there is now hope for AIDS patients. According to a recent paper published in the New England Journal of Medicine, Chinese scientists have successfully used CRISPR technology-a method of gene editing-to treat a patient with HIV. While it may not have cured the patient fully, it still represents a huge step forward in fighting the disease.

The patient was a 27-year-old Chinese man who was diagnosed with both AIDS and acute lymphoblastic leukemia, a type of blood cancer. Despite his bleak situation, doctors offered him a glimmer of hope: a bone marrow (骨髓) transplant to treat his cancer and an experimental treatment for his HIV.

They edited the DNA in bone marrow stem cells from a donor before transplanting the cells into the patient. Specifically, the treatment involved using the gene-editing tool CRISPR-Cas9 to delete a gene known as CCRS, which encodes a protein that HIV uses to get inside human cells. Without the gene, HIV is unable to enter cells. Talking about the gene, lead scientist Deng Hongkui told CNN, “After being edited, the cells-and the blood cells they produce-have the ability to resist HIV infection.” Nineteen months after the treatment, the patient’s leukemia was in complete relief and donor cells without CCR5 remained, according to the research paper.

Though the transplant did not cure the man’s HIV, it still showed the effectiveness of gene-editing technology, as there was no indication of any unintended genetic alterations (改变) -a major concern with past gene therapy experiments.

Amesh Adalja, a senior scholar at the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security in the United States, who was not involved in the study, praised the treatment. “They did a very innovative experiment, it was safe,” he told Live Science. “It should be viewed as a success.”

Deng believes gene-editing technology could “bring a new dawn” to blood-related diseases such as AIDS and sickle cell anemia. Thanks to this new technology, “the goal of a functional cure for AIDS is getting closer and closer,” he said.

【小题1】How did the new treatment fight against HIV?

A．By preventing HIV from entering cells.	B．By changing the structure of HIV.
C．By removing a protein that HIV feeds on.	D．By identifying and killing HIV.

【小题2】What was the result of the treatment?

A．CCR5 and other genes in the patient’s cells were changed.

B．Some of the patient’s blood cells could resist HIV infection.

C．HIV could no longer get into the patient’s cells.

D．The donor cells without CCR5 disappeared finally.

【小题3】What do we know about the experiment?

A．It has provided an innovative way to cure AIDS patients.

B．It pointed out the problems of gene therapy for AIDS.

C．It’s the first experiment to use gene-editing technology to treat AIDS.

D．It could offer a safe treatment for blood-related diseases.