北师大版八年级数学上册 第一章《勾股定理》单元测试

适用年级:初二
试卷号:585019

试卷类型:单元测试
试卷考试时间:2019/2/10

1.单选题(共7题)

1.
我国古代数学家赵爽“的勾股圆方图”是由四个全等的直角三角形与中间的一个小正方形拼成的一个大正方形(如图所示),如果大正方形的面积是25,小正方形的面积是1,直角三角形的两直角边分别是a、b,那么 的值为(  ).
A.49B.25C.13D.1
2.
如图,在△ABC中,ADBC于点DAB=17,BD=15,DC=6,则AC的长为(  ).
A.11B.10C.9D.8
3.
底边上的高为3,且底边长为8的等腰三角形腰长为(  ).
A.3B.4C.5D.6
4.
如图,直角三角形ABC的周长为24,且AB:BC=5:3,则AC= (  ).
A.6B.8C.10D.12
5.
如图,所示,在长方形ABCD中,E、F分别是AB、BC上的点,且BE=12,BF=16,则由点E到F的最短距离为(  ).
A.20B.24C.28D.32
6.
若三角形三边长为a、b、c,且满足等式,则此三角形(  ).
A.锐角三角形B.钝角三角形C.等腰直角三角形D.直角三角形
7.
下列各组中,不能构成直角三角形的是(  ).
A.9,12,15B.15,32,39C.16,30,32D.9,40,41

2.选择题(共5题)

8.How was your summer holiday?
9.下列各式中,属于正确的电离方程式的是(   )
10.

阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

    It's always thought that only those heavy things make people hard to endure.But as a matter of fact,those slight things are {#blank#}1{#/blank#} (much) difficult to resist.It's slight,but it will always be in the bottom of your heart,making it {#blank#}2{#/blank#} (possible) for you to get rid of it all through your life.

    It's just like John Nash in “A Beautiful Mind”.You can imagine how terrible it is to live in a world full of mental illusion.When he realizes {#blank#}3{#/blank#} (clear) about all of these but can't get rid of the illusions,his mentality will be on the edge {#blank#}4{#/blank#}  collapsing.On the other hand,Nash is happy and {#blank#}5{#/blank#}  (luck) because his wife companied with him.She used her wifely heart to forgive all.When her husband {#blank#}6{#/blank#}  (be) weak,she opened the window of his heart with her soft hands.She used her wifely endurance to go forward step by step in the difficult life.She used her wifely {#blank#}7{#/blank#}  (persist) of love.

    I can still remember the scene that when old Nash {#blank#}8{#/blank#} (stand) on the stage of Nobel Prizes,he looked at his wife full of love.I think Nash has found the answer of Balance Theory {#blank#}9{#/blank#}  he has been studying throughout his life.The balance of his life is the love of his wife.

    {#blank#}10{#/blank#}  changes a lot with time,only love will last forever.

11.下列离子组中,能够在溶液中共存,加入NaOH溶液有沉淀生成,加入稀盐酸有气体放出的是 (   )
12.下列离子组中,能够在溶液中共存,加入NaOH溶液有沉淀生成,加入稀盐酸有气体放出的是 (   )

3.填空题(共4题)

13.
四根小木棒的长分别为5cm,8cm,12cm,13cm,任选三根组成三角形,其中有______个直角三角形.
14.
如图,有一块直角三角形纸片,两直角边AC=6cm,BC=8cm,现直角边沿直线AD折叠,使它落在斜边AB上,且与AE重合,则CD的长为________
15.
如图(1)、(2)中,(1)正方形A的面积为______________.
(2)斜边x=______________.
16.
写出两组直角三角形的三边长________________.(要求都是勾股数)

4.解答题(共4题)

17.
如图(1)所示为一上面无盖的正方体纸盒,现将其剪开展成平面图,如图(2)所示.已知展开图中每个正方形的边长为1.
(1)求在该展开图中可画出最长线段的长度?这样的线段可画几条?
(2)试比较立体图中与平面展开图中的大小关系?
18.
如图,飞机在空中水平飞行,某一时刻刚好飞到一男孩子头顶上方4000米处,过了20秒,飞机距离这个男孩头顶50000米.飞机每小时飞行多少千米?
19.
如图,AB=4,BC=3,CD=13,AD=12,∠B=90°,求四边形ABCD的面积.
20.
如图,一架云梯长25 m,斜靠在一面墙上,梯子靠墙的一端距地面24 m.

(1)这个梯子底端离墙有多少米?
(2) 如果梯子的顶端下滑了4m,那么梯子的底部在水平方向也滑动了4m吗?为什么?
试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    单选题:(7道)

    选择题:(5道)

    填空题:(4道)

    解答题:(4道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:0

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:2

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:0

    9星难题:13