—                    .

材料一：在古代封建世袭，天子之子为天子，公之子为公，卿之子为卿，大夫之子为大夫，做官人有一定的血统……。但到秦汉时期便不同了。

——钱穆《中国历代政治得失》

材料二：……四科取士。一曰德行高妙，志节清白；二曰学通行修，经中博士；三曰明达法令……四曰刚毅多略……皆有孝悌廉公之行。自今以后，审四科辟召，及刺史、二千石察茂才尤异孝廉之吏，务尽实核，选择英俊、贤行、廉洁、平端于县邑，务授试以职。有非其人，临计过署，不使习官事，书疏不端正，不如诏书，有司奏罪名。并正举者。宰府孝廉，士之高选，不可求以虚名，但当察其真伪，以加黜陟。近者每以辟召不慎，切责三公，孝廉杂揉，试之以文……

——《后汉书·百官志注》

材料三：汉廷每诏举“贤良方正、能直言极谏”之士，简称则曰“贤良”……“孝廉”为孝子廉吏之简称，武帝元光元年，初令郡国举孝廉各一人，是为汉室令举孝廉之始……此项制度之演进，一面使布衣下史有政治上的出路，可以奖拔人才，鼓舞风气；一面使全国各郡县常得平均参加中央政局，对大一统政府之维系尤为有效。而更重要的，则在朝廷用人，渐渐走上一个客观的标准，使政府性质确然超出乎王室私关系之上而独立。

——钱穆《国史大纲》

材料四：本是想替当时用人定一客观标准……但后来却变成拥护门第，把觅取人才的标准，无形中限制在门第的小范围内，这便大错了。唐代针对此弊……把进仕之门扩大打开，经由个人各自到地方政府报名，参加中央统一组织的考试。这种制度，大体说来，较以前是进步的……西方在其选举政治领袖之外，还得参酌采用中国的考试制度来建立他们的所谓文官任用法。

——钱穆《中国历代政治得失》

（1）乙醇俗称 ____，其分子中的官能团是　 ____ （填序号）．

①羧基（﹣COOH）     ②醛基 （﹣CHO）    ③羟基 （﹣OH）

（2）发酵法制乙醇的过程可简略表示如下：

（C₆H₁₀O₅）_n+nH₂O nC₆H₁₂O₆

C₆H₁₂O₆；​2C₂H₅OH+2CO₂↑

上述反应中C₆H₁₂O₆的名称是 ____，实验室中常用 ____或氢氧化铜悬浊液来检验．

Try to help your dog relax

    It's a Saturday morning. You rush through breakfast, walk the dog, and then get to soccer practice on time. A few hours later, you return home, only to find that the dog has made your bedroom untidy.  ____ Your favorite sports shoes are in poor condition.

    Before you get angry, stop and think. Your dog wasn't misbehaving (行为不端) just for the fun of it. ____ Some dogs just feel nervous when left alone. It's called separation anxiety (分离焦虑).

    Think of it this way: Dogs can't ask where you're going or when you'll be back. They can't call you on the phone. ____ Since you're not there, they need to find you. Dogs may suddenly develop separation anxiety. But with practice and patience (耐心), you can teach your dog to be comfortable being left alone.

    Put on your jacket, and then sit back down. Open and close the door, and then sit down. After a while, walk out the door for 10 seconds, then 20, then a minute and so on. ____

    Besides, you can also try the following ways:

    Teach your dog a word or action that you use every time you leave, which tells your dog you'll be back.

    Help comfort (安慰) your dog by leaving a piece of clothing that smells like you.

    Before you leave, give your dog a toy. ____ 

“（周公）兼制天下，立七十一国，姬姓独居五十三人。”以下选项不符合这段材料内容的是(      )