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    Developing healthy eating habits starts from childhood, therefore it is important for parents to teach and provide children with a healthy diet. DPHSS administrator of the Bureau of Nutrition Services, Charlie Morris told KUAM News, “A healthy diet for a child consists of a lot of fruits and vegetables in the diet limiting the amount of simple sugars in the diet and high fat food and highly processed food.”

    This means staying away as much as possible from food such as chips, cookies, candies and sugary drinks, as all children need to have meals which involve a well-balanced diet. Community nutritionist Thelma Romoso said, “The fruit, the vegetable, the grain, the protein, and also the milk, the diary product, so for the fruits it's easy for a mother to go into the two plus three concept of fruits and vegetables or five a day.”

    This concept means that there are at least two servings of fruits a day, three servings of vegetables a day which can be served for lunch and dinner. As for protein parents can make a variety of dishes from chicken, beef, fish or even dried beans to pledge the child gets three servings a day.

    Morris said that the child's hunger level controls how much is eaten and the parent controls what and when the meal is offered, saying, “Mom needs to ensure that the food offered is good food for the child to eat and throughout the day depending on how active they are, snacks are not a bad thing, so the mom should offer good kinds of snacks.”

    When it comes to preparing your child's lunch and snacks for school, make sure to keep in mind that the food you provide should not only be a source of energy but also be nutritionally beneficial such as fresh fruits, and whole grain bread. But parents must be sure to remember that a good nutritional diet must be balanced with physical activity, namely it is important that children get outside and run around and play and get activity in addition to eating a good diet.

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萧萧池塘暮

    最早知道“池塘”二字为何含义,源于一副残对:烟锁池塘柳。在老家陈坊,池塘都叫塘,每一口塘都有一个朗朗上口的名字:锅底塘、门口塘、养鱼塘、莲花塘、青山塘……它就像是村里人共有的孩子,每一声对塘的呼唤,经风吹都能传到塘的耳朵里。水草轻摇,青蛙鸣叫,蜻蜓风舞,燕子贴水,波光荡漾,都是池塘的应答。和故乡的其他风物一样,池塘是极通人性的,年年岁岁见证着村人的喜忧。

    “池塘生春草,园柳变鸣禽。”一阵村风暖,池塘岸边各色水草倒挂而长,一根根亲水而去,犹如一串串清脆玉润的珠帘,将蓄满春水的池塘装饰得如梦如幻。蓄积了一冬的力气,妇女们挽起衣袖,在抽枝长叶的青柳下,浣纱洗衣。池塘中央,开始脱毛的水鸭在和煦的阳光下畅游,荡起层层涟漪。鸭儿不时地“呱呱”乱叫,声音在池塘上空回荡。远处聆听,像是柳树深处发出来似的,訇訇然,如音乐一般美妙。“春江水暖鸭先知”,那一声声呱啼,应是报春的讯息吧!最热闹的要数夜里,无数青蛙齐鸣,叫醒暗夜,那是临产前的阵痛,更是即将身为父母的幸福欢唱。青蛙鸣春,是江南池塘不朽的胜景。

    夏日的池塘是孩子们的世界。太阳还在半山腰,孩子们就在池塘里玩耍了。在岸上一个猛扎,静静的池塘便溅起灿烂的水花。孩子们排成队列,挨个儿跳水,珠圆白嫩的颗颗水滴飞入浓密的柳荫里,打得青叶脆响,像是一场急雨。孩子们玩腻了,就在厚厚的泥层里摸螺蛳,在水草里抓鱼。夜幕降临,他们用旧衣服一裹,满载而归。

    农人在月满中天时分才收工,钻入池塘,洗去一天的尘与汗,洗去一天的疲劳。人在水里,话农桑,谈天气,是再惬意不过的事了。池塘在一拨又一拨人的折腾下,泥沙翻涌,浑黄浊黑。经过一夜的沉淀,它一早又澄澈清冽,一眼就看得见水里的游鱼,厚软的肥泥,以及泥上的走蚌和挪动的螺蛳。池塘静默、博大,容纳故乡人身上所有的灰土污垢,而它自己永远是碧澄如镜。

    秋来水瘦,池塘花容失色,只剩寥寥一些残水,像是哭干了眼泪的小妇人的杏眼。但它依然接纳万物,吐故纳新,洁净如初。农人依然来塘里洗澡,一天胜过一天地喊:“啊,水好凉呀!”故乡的秋天,在这一声声水凉的叫喊中,悄悄地不为人知地到来。水凉好个秋。

    冬天,村里以鱼闹年,以祈年年有余。每到年终,我们村前村后的池塘都要抽放积蓄了一年的水。一群人赤足在冰冷的泥中捉鱼,笑声在空旷辽远的上空久久回荡。他们不怕冷,俗话说,鱼头上藏了三点火!见了冒火的鱼,还有谁怕寒冷呢?一筐又一筐的肥鱼小虾壮螺蛳从塘里往岸上挑,笑声随之在岸上塘里一阵一阵炸响。

    池塘鲜活了四季,更鲜活在所有子民的记忆里。而今,再寻如此池塘,也许只有在梦里吧!岁月在风里萧萧如秋木,池塘在现代的作用下,萧萧至迟暮。

    回到陈坊,池塘触目惊心:锅底塘已被人填平,在上面盖了两层楼房,粗粝的土砖和硬冷的水泥在绿树旁狰狞着;门口塘已被淤泥壅塞,深处没不了8岁小孩,跳水已是不可能了,及至深秋,不用抽放,水就只剩一线了;养鱼塘里没有鱼也没有水,长满肥美杂草,牛可以在上面行走了;莲花塘深居田畈①一侧,早已没有了莲花,还算清澈的残水里,漂浮着各式各样的塑料袋、农药瓶,难以让目光停留半秒;青山塘已不存在,被房子取代了……

    我固执地认为,故乡年年难逃的水患与池塘迟暮有关。如果每年有人罱塘②,如果池塘还鲜活劲道,雨水可以蓄积在里面,何以在地上泛滥成灾?池塘消退,洗澡成了村人的难题,干旱已是农田的家常便饭,青蛙不再,垂柳作古,水鸭隐退……与此一起消失的还有田园牧歌,以及让人无法释怀的古典乡村。

    “半亩方塘一鉴开,天光云影共徘徊。问渠那得清如许,为有源头活水来。”下一代再来读这首古诗,必得花半天时间来查阅关于“池塘”的注释。“烟锁池塘柳”的残对,也许真的成了空前绝后、无人能对的绝联了。

    今天已没有几个人见过池塘的真面目,不久的将来,池塘可能就只存活于词典里,在纸间寂寞地度过它荒凉的来世今生。池塘渐入迟暮,走上了一条不归路。除了记忆和梦,我们还能到哪儿与池塘见上一面呢?

(陈志宏/文,有删改。)

【注释】①田畈(fàn):田地。②罱(lǎn)塘:指用农具将塘里的淤泥、杂草等清理出来。