两个人的历史

余华

    一九三〇年八月，一个名叫谭博的男孩和一个名叫兰花的女孩，共同坐在阳光无法照耀的台阶上。作为少爷的谭博和作为女佣女儿的兰花，时常这样坐在一起悄悄谈论着他们的梦。

    一九三九年十一月，十七岁的谭博已经不再和十六岁的兰花坐在门前的石阶上。那时候谭博身躯里青春荡漾，他有时会突然拦住兰花，眉飞色舞地向她宣讲一些进步的道理。那时候兰花总是低头不语。在这年十一月的最后一天里，兰花与往常一样用抹布擦洗着那些朱红色的家具。谭博坐在窗前阅读泰戈尔有关飞鸟的诗句。兰花擦着家具时尽力消灭声响，她偶尔朝谭博望去的眼神有些抖动。她希望现存的宁静不会遭受破坏。然而阅读总会带来疲倦。当谭博合上书，他必然要说话了。最近，他常常梦见自己坐上了一艘海轮，这种渴望出门的欲望在清醒时也异常强烈。“我想去延安。”他告诉她。她迷茫地望着他，显而易见，延安二字带给她的只能是一片空白。他并不打算让她更多地明白一些什么，他现在需要知道的是她近来梦中的情景。她重现了一九三〇的害臊。然后她告诉他近来她也有类似的梦。不同的是她没有置身海轮中，而是坐在了由四人抬起的轿子里，她脚上穿着颜色漂亮的布鞋。轿子在城内各条街道上走过。他听完微微一笑，说：“你的梦和我的梦不一样。”

    一九五〇年四月，作为解放军某文工团团长的谭博，回到了他的一别就是十年的家中。此刻全国已经解放，那时候兰花依然居住在他的家中，只是不再是他母亲的女佣，开始独立地享受起自己的生活。谭博英姿勃发走入家中的情景，给兰花留下了深刻的印象。此时兰花已经儿女成堆了，她已经丧失了昔日的苗条，粗壮的腰扭动时抹杀了她曾经有过的美丽。

    在此之前，兰花曾梦见谭博回家的情景，居然和现实中的谭博回来一模一样。因此在某一日中午，当兰花的丈夫出门之后，兰花告诉了谭博她梦中的情景。“你就是这样回来的。”兰花说。谭博听后也回想起了他在回家路上的某一梦，梦中有兰花出现，但兰花依然是少女时期的形象。

    “我也梦见过你。”谭博说。他看到此刻变得十分粗壮的兰花，不愿费舌去叙说她昔日的美丽。有关兰花的梦，在谭博那里将永远地销声匿迹。

    一九七二年十二月。垂头丧气的谭博以反革命分子的身份回到家中。母亲已经去世，他是来料理后事的。此刻兰花的儿女基本上已经长大成人。谭博身穿破烂的黑棉袄在兰花身旁经过时，略略站住了一会儿，向兰花胆战心惊地笑了笑。兰花看到他后轻轻“哦”了一声。于是他才放心地朝自己屋内走去。过了一会儿，兰花敲响了他的屋门，然后问他：“有什么需要我？”谭博不知该说些什么。母亲去世的消息是兰花设法通知他的。这一次，两人无梦可谈。

    一九八五年十月。已经离休回家的谭博，终日坐在院内晒着太阳。还是秋天的时候，他就怕冷了。兰花已是白发苍苍的老人了，可她依然十分健壮。她将一盆衣服搬到水泥板上，开始洗刷衣服。谭博眯缝着眼睛，看着她的手臂如何有力地摆动。在一片“唰唰”声里，他忧心忡忡地告诉兰花：他近来时常梦见自己走在桥上时，桥突然塌了。走在房屋旁时，上面的瓦片奔他脑袋飞来。兰花听了没有作声，依然洗着衣服。谭博问：“你有这样的梦吗？”“我没有。”兰花摇摇头。

（有删改）

    With the development of science and technology, new inventions, especially new electronic products, have made people's lives easy and convenient. But as the saying puts: A coin has two sides.

    One day, I was walking in the park with a friend and his cell phone rang, interrupting our conversation. There we were, walking and talking on a beautiful sunny day and…I became invisible, absent from the conversation.

    The telephone used to connect you to the absent. Now it makes people sitting next to you feel absent. Why is it that the more connected we get, the more disconnected I feel? Every advance in communications technology is a tragedy to the closeness of human interaction. With email and instant messaging over the Internet, we can now communicate without seeing or talking to one another. With voice mail, you can conduct entire conversations without ever reaching anyone. If my mom has a question, I just leave the answer on her machine.

    As almost every contact we can imagine between human beings gets automated, the alienation(疏远) index goes up. You can't even call a person to get the phone number of another person any more. Directory assistance is almost always fully automated.

    Pumping petrol at the station? Why say good morning to the attendant when you can swipe(刷)your credit card at the pump and save yourself the bother of human contact?

    Making a deposit at the bank? Why talk to a teller who might live in the neighborhood when you can just insert your card into ATM?

    Pretty soon you won't have the burden of making eye contact at the grocery shop. Some supermarket chains are using a self-scanner so you can check yourself out, avoiding those check-out people who look at you and ask how you are doing.

    I am not against modern technology. I own a cell phone, an ATM card, a voice mail system, and an email account. Giving them up isn't wise…they're a great help to us. It's some of their possible consequences that make me feel uneasy.

    More and more, I find myself hiding behind e-mail to do a job meant for conversation. Or being relieved that voice mail picked up a call because I didn't really have time to talk. The communications industry devoted to helping me keep in touch is making me lonelier.

    So I've put myself on technology restriction: no instant messaging, with people who live near me，no cell phoning in the presence of friends, no letting the voice mail pick up when I'm at home.

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