题干

下列有关物质通过细胞膜的说法正确的是(  )

A:分泌蛋白的分泌需要能量但不需要细胞膜上的载体蛋白

B:小分子物质和离子都是通过自由扩散进入细胞

C:葡萄糖等较大的分子只能通过主动运输进入细胞

D:当植物细胞液浓度高于细胞外液浓度时会发生质壁分离

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答案(点此获取答案解析)

A

同类题3

阅读下列材料:

材料一:利玛窦于1601年,应明万历皇帝之诏住进了北京,直至1610年在北京逝世,他在中国传教历经艰辛,前后长达28年。利玛窦在华期间,用了很大的精力潜心研读儒家经典,李贽说利玛窦“凡我国书籍无不读……请明于四书性理者解其大义,又请明于六经疏义者通其解说,今尽能言我此间之言,作此间之文字,行此间之礼仪”是一个“中极玲珑,外极朴实”的“极标致”之人。

——摘自《儒家学说对欧洲的影响》

材料二:明清之际,欧洲的耶稣会士历经千辛,沟通中西文化,把中国当时的主体文化——儒学——程朱理学,用轮船运往17-18世纪的的欧洲,在那里曾经形成过100年的中国文化热。儒家思想与意大利文艺复兴以来所形成的欧洲新思想相结合。成为欧洲近代历史发展的主导精神——启蒙思想的一个重要思想渊源。

——摘自《启蒙运动与中国儒家学说的关系》

材料三:法国启蒙运动的领袖伏尔泰是中国儒学在欧洲最有力的鼓吹者,他和他的“百科全书派”把中国儒学,作为反对神权统治下欧洲君主政治的思想武器;程朱理学——新儒学,成为德国哲学家莱布尼茨,创立古典哲学的依据,并用以反对罗马教廷的启示神学;被称为“欧洲孔子”的魁奈,以儒学为依据,开创了近代欧洲政治经济学的新纪元,为英国古典政治经济学的形成与发展,奠定了理论基础。

——摘自《儒家学说在欧洲的传播及影响》

材料四:近百年来,中国人、东方人都公认,现代民主就是西方的民主,它起源于欧洲。学习、借鉴,乃至全盘照搬西方的民主,也就成为许多近现代中国人的思想热点。近百年来,无论东方人、还是西方人都认为,中国的传统文化是实现社会现代化的一种文化上的障碍、精神上的阻力。然而,在半个世纪以前就有西方人指出,以儒学为代表的中国传统文化,曾经是17一18世纪欧洲资本主义社会,形成和发展的一种精神动力;半个世纪之后的今天,东亚的一些国家和地区,尤其是中国近20年的飞速发展的历史,向世人显示了中国的传统文化、东方文明,不是实现社会现代化的一种精神阻力,而是一种巨大的精神动源。

——摘自《儒学与世界》

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同类题4

阅读理解

    We all have different ways to navigate (导航) when lost—whether asking a stranger for help, consulting an old-school map or simply following our nose. But on a bike, the risks are higher. One wrong turn or that you're in a traffic jam with two lanes between your bike and the nearest pavement may ruin your good mood. Although cyclists, of course, managed to navigate before smart phones, cyclists can make two choices: a few stay calm and embrace getting lost, and the rest turn to a navigation app.

    Google Maps added a directions function for cyclists in 2015 in the US and Canada, and two years later across Europe. And while there are dozens of other apps now offering a similar service, Google Maps has the demerits for many, so the app seems to be falling behind expectations.

    As someone with no sense of direction, I knew it wouldn't be easy when I started cycling earlier this year. I appreciated that the app gave me two warnings before I needed to turn off a road, and automatically recalculated my route if I accidentally went off course. But still, it wasn't a smooth process. Google Maps thought I could cut across a double carriageway with no breaks in its barrier, assumed I knew what it meant when it told me to “head west”, and thought nothing of taking me the wrong way down a busy one-way street.

    Cyclists don't just want safety—they want convenience. Londoner Robson Smith regularly cycles between Clap ham and the City of London and would like to see Google Maps calculate routes where his bike is allowed on public transport and more choice of the type of routes he can take. “Google tends to calculate the most common and comfortable cycle routes. It would be better to have an option which included the fastest route, regardless of comfort,” he says.

    For this reason, Robson says he uses the app Cycle Streets instead. It offers a choice of four different route modes, based on the type the user wants, and saves previous routes. It also tells you how many calories a route burns, how many traffic lights you wilt encounter, and how busy it is.