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    It is said that another acre of the world's forest will be destroyed forever. Why is this happening? There are two reasons — land and wood. In many countries the trees have been cut down because the land was needed for animals or crops. In other parts of the world the trees are cut down because their wood is wanted. This wood is used by local people for firewood or it is used for building. But many people don't know that in most places the trees won't be replaced. The soil in the forests is very thin, but it is protected by the trees. When the trees are cut down, the soil is washed away by the rain or blown away by the wind. Soon nothing can be grown on it. The  forest becomes a desert. Then more land will be needed, and more trees will be cut down.
    When the forest is destroyed, it isn't only the trees that are lost — the homes of millions of animals and plants are destroyed, too. All kinds of animals are in danger — fish,reptiles, birds, mammals, insects, and shellfish — as well as thousands of plants.
    Who is to blame for this? The answer is simple: all of us. There are just too many people in the world. The world's population is now six billion. Of course, it's very easy to blame the local people. We don't cut down trees. They do. But the products are bought by people like you and me — wood houses, beds, tables, chairs, paper… Why are the forests being destroyed? Just look around. You are probably using it right now.

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阅读材料,回答问题。

材料一 :(隋炀帝)大业八年,天下旱,百姓流亡。时发四海兵,帝亲征高丽,六军冻馁,死者十八九。十三年,天下大旱。时郡县乡邑,悉遣筑城,发男女,无少长,皆就役。

——《隋书》

贞观十一年七月一日,……洛水瀑涨,漂六百余家。……十三日,诏曰:“暴雨为灾,大水泛滥,……诸司供进(进奉的财物),悉令减省。凡所力役,量事停废。遭水之家,赐帛有差。”……九月,黄河泛滥,……太宗幸白马坂以观之。

——《旧唐书》

材料二:凡有水旱,(清朝统治者)略不怜恤,坐视其饿等流离,暴露如荞,……又纵食官污吏,布满天下,使剥民脂膏。

材料三:鸦片战争后十年间,民变迭起,各族人民的起义和暴动达100余次,以广西、广东、湖南三省声势最盛。

——摘编自王文泉《中国近代史》

材料四:1933年5月,国会通过了《联邦紧急救济法》,成立了联邦紧急救济署。1935年8月通过的《社会保险法》,改变了过去由民间团体自助自救或由慈善团体提供救助的传统,开始了美国的“福利主义”试验。第二次世界大战后,英国经济与社会矛盾都演变到极其严重的地步。为了摆脱困境,寻求发展,工党政府采用“福利国家”政策,实施社会改革,可谓顺乎历史潮流的明智选择。

——摘编自吴于廑、齐世荣主编《世界史·现代史编》