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    王安石,字介甫,抚州临川人。擢进士上第,签书淮南判官。再调知鄞县,起堤堰,决陂塘,为水陆之利;贷谷与民,出息以偿,俾新陈相易,邑人便之。通判舒州。文彦博为相,荐安石恬退,乞不次进用,以激奔竞之风。寻召试馆职,不就。(欧阳)修荐为谏官,以祖母年高辞。移提点江东刑狱,入为度支判官,时嘉礻右三年也。

    安石议论高奇,能以辨博济其说,果于自用,慨然有矫世变俗之志。于是上万言书,以为:“今天下之财力日以困穷,风俗日以衰坏,患在不知法度,不法先王之政故也。法先王之政,法其意而已。法其意,吾所改易更革,不至倾骇天下之耳目,嚣天下之口,而固已合先王之政矣。因天下之力以生天下之财,收天下之财以供天下之费,自古治世,未尝以财不足为公患也,患在治财无其道尔。在位之人才既不足,而闾巷草野之间亦少可用之才,社稷之托,封疆之守,陛下其能久以天幸为常,而无一旦之忧乎?愿监苟且因循之弊,明诏大臣,为之以渐,期合于当世之变。臣之所称,流俗之所不讲,而议者以为迂阔而熟烂者也。”后安石当国,其所注措,大抵皆祖此书。

    时有诏舍人院无得申请除改文字,安石争之曰:“审如是,舍人不得复行其职,而一听大臣所为,自非大臣欲倾侧而为私,则立法不当如此。今大臣之弱者不敢为陛下守法;而强者则挟上旨以造令,谏官、御史无敢逆其意者,臣实惧焉。”语皆侵执政,由是益与之忤。以母忧去,终英宗世,召不起。

    熙宁元年四月,如造朝。入对,帝问为治所先,对曰:“择术为先。”帝曰:“唐太宗何如?”曰:“陛下当法尧、舜,何以太宗为哉?尧、舜之道,至简而不烦,至要而不迂,至易而不难。但末世学者不能通知,以为高不可及尔。”帝曰:“卿可悉意辅联,庶同济此道。”

    二年二月,拜参知政事。上谓曰:“人皆不能知卿,以为卿但知经术,不晓世务。”安石(对曰:)“经术正所以经世务,但后世所谓儒者,大抵皆庸人,故世俗皆以为经术不可施于世务尔。”上问:“然则卿所施设以先?安石曰:“变风俗,立法度,最方今之所急也。”上以为然。于是农田水利、青苗、均输、保甲、免役、市易、保马、方田诸役相继并兴,号为新法,遣提举官四十余辈,颁行天下。

《宋史·列传第八十六》

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    Money is the root of all evil (邪恶) and new study claims there may be some truth behind the saying. Scientists at the University of California Berkeley, US, announced on February 27 that rich people are more likely to do immoral things, such as lie or cheat, than poorer people. The scientists did a series of eight experiments. They published their findings online in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNA《美国国家科学院院刊》).

    They carried out the first two experiments from the sidewalk near Berkeley. They noted that drivers of newer and more expensive cars were more likely to cut off other cars and pedestrians at crosswalks. Nearly 45 percent of people driving expensive ears ignored a pedestrian compared with only 30 percent of people driving mow modest cars.

    In another experiment, a group of college students was asked if they would do immoral things in various everyday situations. Examples included taking printer paper from work and not telling a salesperson when he or she gave back more change. Students from higher — class families were more likely to act dishonestly.

    According to the scientists, rich people often think money can get them out of trouble. This makes them less afraid to take risks. It also means they care less about other people's feelings.

    Finally, it just makes them greedier. “Higher wealth status seems to make you want even more, and that increased want leads you to bend the rules or break the rules to serve your self- interest,” said Paul Piff, lead scientist of the study.

    Piff pointed out that the findings don't mean that all rich people are untrustworthy or all poor people honest. He said the experiments were to show how people living in different social situations express their instincts(本能)and values in different ways.