题干

不计算判断:38×42,因数38扩大到2倍,积(   )

A:不变

B:扩大2倍

C:无法判断

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B

同类题1

宰相制度是中国古代君主专制中央集权制度的重要组成部分,宰相是中国古代最高行政长官的通称。阅读材料,完成下列要求。

材料一:“宰”的意思是主宰,商朝时为管理家务和奴隶之官;周朝有执掌国政的太宰,也有掌贵族家务的家宰、掌管一邑的邑宰,实已为官的通称。相,本为相礼之人,字义有辅佐之意。“宰相”连称始于战国。……当时的所谓宰、相或宰相,地位均相当于丞相。……“宰相”一般只是一个习惯用语,而不是一个正式官名。

材料二:当万历在公元1572年以9岁登极之日,张居正因皇太后之信托,成为皇帝的保护人。他和宫内的首席宦官有了默契,于是行使职权时具有相当的威望,有如宰相,只是没有宰相之名目。他将自己的亲信布置在内外机要之处,也将自己权势推广至朝臣之监察弹劾部门和文书教育部门,同时亲身管理吏户礼兵刑工六部。张居正不辞劳瘁,经常以个人之书牍和各地巡抚总督谈论国事中之各种问题,所以各种方针与政策事前已有了默契,当各臣僚建议于御前,而张居正以大学士的资格代皇帝批答时,不过将经过协定的谋略具体化。张居正既有人事权,便常引用各人的升迁为饵来笼络部属,张居正以这种方法独揽国事达IO年之久,迄至1582年他刚57岁却出人意外的溘然长逝。

——黄仁宇《中国大历史》

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