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If the Olympic Games are a history of mankind, wrestling（摔跤）is the prologue（序幕）. When the ancient Games of the Olympiad were born, wrestling was already an ancient game. Widely recognized as the world’s oldest competitive sport, wrestling appeared in a series of Egyptian wall paintings as early as 5, 000 years ago. When the ancient Olympic Games began in 776 BC, more than two thousand years later, it included wrestling and in the years that followed, wrestling featured as the main event.
The sport would return in a similar role when the Olympic Games returned after a 1500-year absence in 1896. Organizers, s eeking direct links to ancient times, found wrestling was very popular across much of the ancient world, from Greece, Assyria and Babylon to India, China and Japan. Greco-Roman wrestling, a style which was believed to be passed down from the Greek and Roman wrestlers of old was brought back into use.
In Greco-Roman wrestling, the wrestlers used only their arms and upper bodies to attack. They could hold on ly those same parts of their opponents（对手）. It worked nicely from a historical attitude，but another cheerful and relaxing style was sweeping across Great Britain and the United States by then. Known as “catch as catch can”, it had become popular at fairs and festivals in both countries.
In 1904, the Olympic Games added the second wrestling event and called it“freestyle”. Now, wrestlers could use their legs for pushing, lifting and tripping, and they could hold opponents above or below the waist.
