阅读下文，回答问题。

阿尔贝特·爱因斯坦

霍金

    爱因斯坦和核弹政治的瓜葛是众所周知的，他签署了那封著名的致富克林·罗斯福总统的信，说服美国认真考虑他的想法，并且他在战后从事阻止核战争的各项努力。但是，这些不仅仅是一位科学家被拖入政界的孤立行动。事实上，爱因斯坦的一生用他自己的话来说是“踌躇于政治和方程之间。”

    爱因斯坦最早从事政治活动是在第一次世界大战，当时他在柏林当教授。由于目睹草菅人命而不胜厌恶，他卷入了反战示威。他拥护国内反抗以及公开鼓励人民拒绝征兵。因而不讨他的同事们喜欢。后来，在二战时他又致力于调解和改善国际关系。这也不得人心，而且他的政治态度很快使他难以访问美国，甚至连讲学都有困难。

    爱因斯坦第二个伟大的事业是犹太复国主义。虽然他在血统上是犹太人，但他拒绝《圣经》上关于上帝的说法。然而，第一次世界大战之前和其间，越发看清反犹太主义，这导致他逐渐和犹太团体相认同，而后成为一个直言不讳的犹太复国主义的拥护者。再度不受欢迎也未能阻止他发表自己的主张。他的理论一发表就受到攻击，甚至成立了一个反爱因斯坦的组织。有一个人被定罪为教唆他人去谋杀爱因斯坦(只罚了6美金)。但爱因斯坦是冷静的。当一本书以题为《100个反爱因斯坦的作家》出版时，他反驳道：“如果真是我错了的话，那么一个人反对我就足够了!”

     1933年，希特勒上台了，爱因斯坦正在美国，他宣布了不再回德国。后来的纳粹义勇军抄查了他的房子，并没收了他的银行账号。一家柏林报纸的头条写道：“来自爱斯坦的好消息——他不回来了。”面对纳粹的威胁，爱因斯坦放弃了和平主义，终于忧虑到德国科学家会制造核弹，因而建议美国应该发展自己的核弹。但是，即使是第一枚原子弹爆炸之前，他就曾经公开警告过核战争的危险，并提议对核武器进行国际控制。

    贯穿爱因斯坦一生，他致力于和平的努力可能成效甚微——肯定只说服了很少的朋友。然而，他对犹太复国主义事业的口头支持在1952年被及时承认，其时他被推荐为以色列的总统。但他谢绝了。他说他认为自己在政治上太天真。可是，也许其真正的原因却并非如此，再次引用他自己的话：“方程对我而言更重要些，因为政治是为当前，而一个方程却是一种永恒的东西。”

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A, B, C和D）中．选出最佳选项.

    What's your opinion on spicy food? Some people cannot handle even the smallest amount of chili(辣椒) in their dinner while others can't get enough of it.       

Scientists have long been puzzled by why some people love chili and others loathe it. Plenty of research has been done on the subject, dating back to as far as the 1970s. Previous results showed that a love of chili is related to childhood experiences, and cultural influences affect our taste buds, too. But the latest study has found that a person's love of spicy food may be linked to his or her personality more than anything else, CBC News reported.

     “We have always assumed that liking drives intake---we eat what we like and we like what we eat. But no one has actually directly bothered to connect these personality traits with intake of chili peppers,” said Professor John Hayes from Pennsylvania State University, who led the study.       

But before you look at the study, you should first know that “spicy” is not a taste, unlike sour, sweet, bitter and salty. It is, in fact, a burning sensation that you feel on the surface of your tongue. This got scientists thinking that maybe a love of spicy food is brought about by people's longing for thrill, something they usually get from watching action movies or riding a roller coaster.

In the study, 97 participants, both male and female, were asked to fill out questionnaires about certain traits of their personality, for example. Whether they like new experiences or tend to avoid risks. They were then given cups of water with capsaicin(辣椒素), the plant chemical that makes chili burn, mixed into them.

By comparing the answers to questionnaires and what participants said they felt about the spicy water. Researchers found that those who most tended to enjoy action movies or take risks were about six times more likely to enjoy the spicy water.

    Interestingly, we used to believe that the reason some people can withstand spicy food is that their tongue have become less sensitive to it. However, this latest study has found otherwise. It's not that it doesn't burn as badly, it's that you actually learn to like the burn,” Hayes explained.  

小明在网络中看到一段实验视频：实验人员用如下图所示装置进行实验，分别将水和氢氧化钠溶液（无色）挤入盛有氯气（黄绿色，有毒）的试管中，振荡后，观察到试管A中液体呈黄绿色，气体黄绿色变浅；试管B中   液体、气体均为无色，胶头滴管胶头变瘪。根据上述实验现象，不能得到的结论或推论是（   ）