如果以“勿忘国耻，以史为鉴”为主题出一期板报，下列素材应选择(    )

    散文作为自由的话语、最初就是历史学和哲学叙述的文体承载方式，与历史学和哲学有着亲缘性关系，但是，人们常常关心其诗学和美学意义，而很少关心散文和哲学之间的关联。散文中可以有哲学的思维、认识和发现，但是，散文文体毕竟不能真正代替哲学文体，散文中有哲理，或哲学中有散文，应该是二者关系的基本表达。在话语表达中，散文必须以情感表达为主调，而哲学必须以理性解释为主调。这就是说，散文是情感与思想的自由谐和，仅有思想而没有情感，不是散文的本质性要求。

    哲学与散文之间的关联是内在的，表现为思想与情感间显示着最本原的生命亲近，《庄子》与《孟子》就标志看中国哲学与散文之间最古老的联系。庄子不是借助纯粹概念的分析来表达思想，而是善于借助形象和寓意之间的关联，揭示深刻的人生奥秘，虽然他的散文中也有一些概念。孟子的说理，带着人生的全部激情，并正视人性的善良和伟大说理，因而，情感因素的参与，使《孟子》本身具有抒情的力量。中国古代思想的诗歌源头和散文源头，使古老的思想始终保持激情创造与诗意抒情的力量，当然，思想发展到后来，逐渐与诗性分离，走上了专门化道路。而在中国文化史上，导致这一转变的文化英雄，则不太容易确定。但是可以肯定，是哲学家导致了这种根本性转变。

    在西万，哲学与散文之间的关联，可以通过柏拉图、亚里士多德等的著作获得深刻说明。尽管柏拉图排斥诗人的合法地位，但他的思想确实始终富有“纯洁的诗思”，而且，历史生活实践也在不断证明着这种思想的原创性和独特的生命活力。由于思想和情感分属不同领域，确有根本性区别，因而，纯粹的哲学史，往往给予人异样的错觉，仿佛哲学家都超越了人的情感。从他们的非哲学性叙述中，不仅能够获得哲学性体悟，而且能真正地理解他们的人格精神、生存勇气和文化气度。

    亚里士多德彻底抛弃了思想与科学中的“诗性因素”，使哲学表述获得了自身的思想逻辑，从而形成了纯粹的对话形式。思想获得这种逻辑形式，虽变得确定，但这种思想的理解与接受，也因此变得困难。思想走上了科学的道路，背离了诗性的智慧，这实际上让情感的领地由文学家独占了。一部分哲学家既然热衷于“诗性思维”与“逻辑思维”，就只能双向思维了，即在作纯粹逻辑思考时，就以“诗性智慧”作些调节，而在进行诗性思考与表达时，又不得不赶紧回到纯粹逻辑思考的领地，因此，内心的冲突，在这种智慧表达中留下了鲜明的印迹。从中可以看出，散文与哲学之间，具有亲密而紧张的关系。一方面“诗性”使“哲思”充满魅力，另一万面又阻止哲学变成“纯粹的思”，扼杀了枯燥的概念的强权。相对而言，对人类思想产生广泛影响的，仍是那些葆有诗性智慧的思想家。

（摘编自李咏吟《创作解释学》）

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1）处错误及其修改仅限一词；

2）只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

    A good friend of me had a dog. He loved it very much that he regarded it like his best friend. Unfortunately, last Friday the dog was killed by car, which made him be heartbroken. I must did something to comfort him. To cheer him up, I went through all my old photo and made a nice picture collection of him and his dog. Hopeful, it will work. I knew I can't replace his pet and best friend but at least I can put a smile on his face again. That is how I should do for a friend. A friend in need is a friend indeed.

阅读下面短文，从每篇短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

    Outside her cottage, old Mrs. Taylor was hanging out laundry on a wire line, unaware that some children were hiding in a nearby tree watching her every move. They were determined to find out if she really was a witch.（女巫）

    They watched nervously as she took a broomstick(长柄扫帚）to sweep the dirt from her stone steps. But much to their disappointment, she didn't get on the broomstick and fly off. The old lady only looked up when her hen began to make sounds loudly —signaling that she had laid an egg in the nest on the top of the haystack.(干草堆).

    The old lady put aside her broomstick and walked to the haystack, followed by Michael, a black cat she had rescued from a fox trap. With only three legs, it was hard for Michael to keep up with his mistress. The cat was proof for the children that only a witch would own a black cat with three legs! Crawling further along the branches, they could clearly see the haystack.

Mrs. Taylor was standing on a wooden box with the new-laid egg in one hand. Placing the egg in her pocket, she readied herself to climb down. Then, without warning, the box broke under her and she crashed to the ground. The children were in horror.

“Should we go and help her?” asked Mia.

    “What if it's a trick?” replied Patrick. “She probably knows we're here. Witches know things like that!”

After thinking for a while, Julia said “Anyway, we should go and check whether she is all right.”

Approaching prudently, they could see a wound on the old lady's forehead. She had knocked her head on a stone and was unconscious.

“Go and get Dad,” Mia yelled to her brothers. “Tell him about the accident.”

The boys didn't need another excuse to leave. They ran as fast as they could for help, hoping that Mrs. Taylor would not regain consciousness and turn the girls into frogs.

    Later, in the hospital, the old lady smiled her thanks. “I was so lucky that you lovely children happened to be passing when 1 fell. I must have yelled quite loudly.”

    The children exchanged guilty glances, but were very pleased that she was not a witch after all!