材料一：中国明中叶以来出现的新思潮和欧洲的“文艺复兴”运动，在根本精神上，有十分相似之点。这就是“人”的觉醒，“人”的解放，“人”的主体意识的高扬。李贽以“心本体”的学说为基础，将本质上非圣疑道的内容和体现历史新趋向的要求，理直气壮地运载进“心本体”所谓的“心”中，运载到“良知”之中，开始了从“圣心”到“俗心”的转化，打开了由“圣”转“俗”的通道，即由“禁欲”转为“顺情”由“圣贤”境界转为“俗世”境界，由旧时代迈向新时代，并且走出了相当远的路段。

——摘编自《从“神”到“人”与从“圣”到“凡——中西近代启蒙思想文化运动差异一论》

材料二：法国启蒙思想家马布利认为：“自然界并没有创造国王、统治者、庶民和奴隶，人生下来是完全平等的。”新文化运动的先驱陈独秀认为，专制制度是中国万恶之源，中国欲求生存，“必弃数千年相传之官僚的、专制的个人政治，而易以自由的、自治的国民政治”。法国启蒙运动的开路先锋梅叶大声疾呼：“世上穷人们受各种迷信及偶像崇拜欺骗的时间已经够久了……该是打开穷人的眼界，向他们说明全部真相的时候了。”新文化运动的领导者指出，对于孔教“不可不有彻底之觉悟，猛勇之决心；否则，不塞不流，不止不行”。卢梭的“人民主权”体现了民主的思想，《百科全书》更是一台以科学和民主为主题的“战斗机器”。法国的启蒙运动开启了法国资产阶级革命，而中国的初期新文化运动不能开启资产阶级革命，也不可能直接开启社会主义革命，但为马克思主叉的传播创造了有利条件。

——摘编自《十八世纪法国启蒙运动与中国“五四”前新文化运动的比较》

材料一：近年来，我国加大科技投入力度，采取奖励有突出贡献的科技工作者等措施，促进科技创新成果不断涌现。如“神舟九号”飞船先后与“天宫一号”目标飞行器在轨成功进行了两次交会对接，我国首台自主设计、自主集成的载人潜水器“蛟龙”号7 000米级（7062米）海试取得圆满成功，“神舟十号”载人航天任务圆满完成等。这些科技成果的取得原因很多，其中，加快教育发展和创新人才培养功不可没。

材料二：高等教育肩负着培养人才和发展科技的重要使命。“十一五”期间，我国高等教育规模突破3000万人，承担了30％左右的国家科技重大项目。为提高国民的科学素养，我国在基础教育阶段开设了科学、信息技术、通用技术等课程。

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。

Guilin is my favorite city in China because of its beauty, its waterways, its cafes, and most of all because I met my wife there. It is her hometown and we will both retire there in a few years.

Not only is Guilin a fascinating city, there are many interesting places to visit within a short drive from there. The Ling (sometimes called Lingqu) canal is the oldest canal in the world. It was built about 2,200 years ago and connects two major river systems, the Yangtze (to the east) and the Pearl River.

Longsheng Rice Terraces (龙胜梯田) is another manmade wonder that was built around 650 years ago. I have some photos of both of these places in my China Daily homepage Albums. Gudong Waterfall Park(古东瀑布) is another attraction that is worth visiting. The hike to the top of all these waterfalls isn’t very difficult and if you want, you can take a ride to the bottom on a personal rail car whose speed you can control with a brake.

If you want you can also climb up some of the waterfalls with the help of chains that are placed for the convenience of amateur climbers.

I have only been in Guilin during the winter and spring but my wife tells me it gets pretty hot in the summertime. That’s OK because I grew up in the Midwest of the US where it gets very hot and humid during the summer months. It rarely freezes in the winter and the spring and autumn are pleasant. Guilin receives a lot of rain, especially in late spring and early summer. Because of this there is lush(多汁的) plant life and many large trees in the area.

Being from California I’m used to having a car to get around. In fact, it’s practically a necessity in California. But in Guilin almost everything is within walking distance and if you need to go further, public buses are available every five minutes on the busy streets and every 10-15 minutes just about everywhere else. There are plenty of taxis too and most trips are only six yuan.

It’s a perfect place to retire.

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