结盟是战争的序幕，战争是政治的继续。第一次世界大战前，帝国主义国家之间形成了两大军事集团一一同盟国和协约国。属于同盟国的是(     )

阅读下列短文,从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。

    Tu Youyou, aged 85, is a medical scientist at the China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine. she has just become the first Chinese woman to win a Nobel prize, for helping discover artemisinin, a new kind of medicine known as "Qing-hao-su" in Chinese in 1971 and dihydroartemisinin, used also to treat malaria(疟疾).

    The discovery of “Qing-hao-su” and its use in treating malaria are regarded as the most important breakthrough(突破) in tropical medicine in the 20th century. It is also a major health improvement for people in developing tropical countries in south Asia, Africa, and South America.

    This is the first time her work has been widely recognized in China, and it also marks the first time China has won a Nobel prize in the sciences.The last time a Chinese national won a Nobel Prize was in 2012, when Mo Yan got the literature award.

    Tu also received several medical awards in the past including the 2011 Lasker Award in Clinical Medicine for the same achievements.Tu was the first native Chinese who was educated and works in China to win the Lasker award, too.

填空题
（1）太平洋被____ 、____ 、____ 、____ 、____ 五大洲所包围。
（2）世界上最早的城市出现于____ 平原。
（3）距离南极洲最近的大洲____ 。
（4）造成海陆变迁的最主要原因____ 。
（5）峨眉山山脚处海拔500m，气温28℃，山顶海拔3100m，则山顶气温____ 。
（6）世界上面积最大的热带雨林区分布在南美洲____ 平原，还有非洲____ 盆地和亚洲____ 群岛。
（7）世界“湿极”是____ 。
（8）气候发生异常变化造成____ 、____ 等气象灾害，对人类生活影响巨大。
（9）世界人口问题主要表现为____ 。