题干

清新的回忆

  1994年8月15日,我乘坐斯堪迪纳维亚航空公司的班机从莫斯科飞抵斯德哥尔摩,这是我第一次踏上北欧的土地。常说的北欧五国包括瑞典、挪威、丹麦、冰岛和芬兰,其中前四国的语言文化相当接近;芬兰与爱沙尼亚、匈牙利的语言类似,同在印欧语系之外,所以算是北欧国家里的另类。欧洲北部的人民对四季的转换特别敏感,这也难怪,因为漫长的冬季不仅冰天雪地,而且白昼短的让人心烦。幸好,我的首次北欧之旅是在一年中最好的夏季,第一站就是美丽的瑞典首都、北方水城斯德哥尔摩。

  飞机抵达已是六七点钟,但天色仍然早得很。快捷地办好瑞典入境手续,我们推着行李车走出阿拉达机场,第一个感觉就是环境异常地整洁、空气异常地清新也许这与来自较为破旧的俄罗斯有关,但在多年后走过很多发达国家的今天,我仍清晰地记得瑞典给我的第一印象,那就是无与伦比的整洁清新。车子飞驰在从机场通往市区的高速公路,路边是一块块错落有致的田野风光,这儿一片金黄,那儿一畦碧绿,不时看见通勤或者长途的火车优雅地驶过高低起伏的原野。但抵达瑞典的第一天,我还没有见到这座北方名城的最大特色,即纵贯环绕全市的河道与海湾。好在第二天,我就坐上了观光游艇一览这个北国水城的秀色。

  斯德哥尔摩本来就是飘在海上的城市,据说全城由八九个大岛组成,崎岖海岸线边的小岛更是星罗棋布。这几天丽日晴空,正是全年的最佳旅游时节,游艇上各国游客吹着清爽的海风,面对海天一色、城在水中的美景赞不绝口。导游是个体格健壮的当地姑娘,她操着流利标准的英语向大家介绍沿途的景点。后来经过比较,我发现欧洲北部的人们说英语确实非常地道,特别与法国、东南欧相比;后来就明白其中的道理了,一是他们的母语大都与英语同属日尔曼语系,二是欧洲一体化的步伐至少在文化层面已经席卷西北欧,再有教育得力。说到瑞典姑娘,这可是个盛产西方美女的国度,从早期的电影明星嘉宝到当代风靡全球的流行歌手层出不穷,今日看到这里的如画美景似平大悟:有道是一方水土养一方人啊。再联想到瑞典人的音乐天分,这个国家的官方语言虽然不是英语,却出产了众多事誉西方的英文流行组合。瑞典的工业基础也实力强劲,一大批响当当的跨国企业都从瑞典走向世界,这也奠定了该国在本地区的老大地位。

  人杰地灵的瑞典,主要城市都面水而建,斯德哥尔摩称得上世界同类水上城市的代表作。其实不只是靠海的城市需要水。走遍全球后我总结到,凡是历史文化名城都离不开水的滋润,这水可以是天然的河道,如拥有赛纳河的巴黎;可以是人工运河,如莫斯科和阿姆斯特丹;还可以是天然或人工的湖泊,如今日的德国新都大柏林。当然海滨的名城更是数不胜数。有了水,整个城市就像人有了眼睛一样有了灵气和生机。我国的历史名称也不例外,江南水乡和京杭运河两岸曾兴起了多少美丽的城市,可惜到了近代随着河水的逐渐消失而繁华不再。想到这里,真希望我们现在还享有天赐秀川、良湖的城市如杭州、苏州、武汉、岳阳,北方的泉城济南,或祖先开凿有人工湖的北京等名城,都能珍惜这城市的性灵和生命的源泉,永葆一方生机活力。

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How can I fight laziness?

    Lazy people will never amount to anything in life. However, laziness can be defeated once a few changes have been made in your mind.

    ____Many people lack sleep constantly, since they stay up too late and get up too early to prepare for work. These people have little motivation once they arrive home. Laziness works hand in hand with a lack of motivation and a tendency to put off things. By adjusting your sleep schedule to provide a few more hours of meaningful rest, you can fight laziness throughout the day.

    Another way to fight laziness is to change your mind from passive to active. Some people treat their lives as if they were pushed from task to task. Others take a more proactive approach, viewing each task as a challenge they must overcome alone.____

    Some people fight laziness by removing the temptations that surround them. A television in the living room may provide entertainment, but watching too much TV often contributes to laziness. Create a reward system for yourself, just as parents do for a child to promote responsibility.____

    ____Spouses and children may all have different energy levels, but laziness can be spread if not dealt with immediately. To fight household laziness, lead by example. Be the first to collect and wash dishes after a meal. Others in the home may eventually follow your example and perform their own task. It is difficult to practice laziness when your are surrounded by motivated people.

    ____Enough exercise and a balanced diet can help you to develop a healthy lifestyle, thus enabling you to have more energy and help lift your spirits.

A. Knowing how to fight laziness is important.

B. One way to fight laziness is to get enough sleep.

C. Laziness can also be a lasting problem at home.

D. Complete a few tasks and reward yourself with what you enjoy, such as a good dinner or a film.

E. Finally, taking exercise regularly can help you fight laziness.

F. With strong determination, you will be able to achieve your goal.

G. Laziness sets in when you no longer feel in charge of your own life.