Football is, I do think, the most favorite game in England. It is one of the important  1 to see. Rich and poor, young and old, one can see them. To a stranger, one of the most surprising things about football in England is the great  2  of the game which even the smallest boy seems to have. He can  3you the names of the players in most of the important teams; he has pictures of them and knows the  4  of Large numbers of matches. He will tell you who he hopes will  5  such a match, and his ideas about football are usually as good as those of men three or four times his age.

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    Most people agree that honesty is a goodthing. But does Mother Nature agree? Animals can't talk, but can they lie in other ways? Can they lie with their bodies and behavior? Animal experts may not call it lying, but they do agree that many animals, from birds to chimpanzees, behave dishonestly to fool other animals. Why? Dishonesty often helps them survive.

    Many kinds of birds are very successful at fooling other animals. For example, a bird called the plover sometimes pretends to be hurt in order to protect its young. When a predator（猎食动物）gets close to its nest, the plover leads the predator away from the nest. How? It pretends to have a broken wing. The predator follows the "hurt" adult, leaving the baby birds safe in the nest.

    Another kind of bird, the scrub jay, buries its food so it always has something to eat. Scrub jays are also thieves.They watch where others bury their food and steal it. But clever scrub jays seem to know when a thief is watching them. So they go back later, unbury the food, and bury it again somewhere else.

    Birds called cuckoos have found a way to have babies without doing much work. How? They don't make nests（鸟巢）. Instead, they get into other birds' nests secretly. Then they lay their eggs and fly away. When the baby birds come out, their adoptive parents feed them.

    Chimpanzees, or chimps, can also be sneaky. After a fight, the losing chimp will give its hand to the other. When the winning chimp puts out its hand, too, the chimps are friendly again. But an animal expert once saw a losing chimp take the winner's hand and start fighting again.

    Chimps are sneaky in other ways, too. When chimps find food that they love, such as bananas, it is natural for them to cry out. Then other chimps come running. But some clever chimps learn to cryvery softly when they find food. That way, other chimps don't hear them,  and they don't need to share their food.

    As children, many of us learn the saying "You can't fool Mother Nature." But maybe you can't trust her,either.

一字组多词 

张____ ____ ____  斜____ ____ ____

彩____ ____ ____  炉____ ____ ____

    春秋时代，战争是为了争夺霸权或政权，结盟聚会是为了消除冲突。冲突频繁，会盟燕享频繁，成了春秋最基本的特色。会盟要讲“礼”“赋诗”，从而造就了特殊的文化现象——“诗礼风流”。

    西周人重“礼”，是重其仪式性，如典礼仪式、揖让周旋等。而春秋则将礼认作了治国大法、人生准则。春秋从鲁隐公元年到鲁哀公十四年230余年间，谈礼之风盛行。一部《左传》，“礼”为主要的价值标准：“夫名以制义，义以出礼，礼以体政，政以正民。”“夫礼，所以整民也。”“礼之可以为国也久矣，与天地并。君令臣共，父慈子孝，兄爱弟敬，夫和妻柔，姑慈妇听，礼也。”其每评一事之得失，辄曰：“礼也”、“非礼也”；似乎国之兴亡，皆系于“礼”。

    《左传》最早一次论礼是在桓公二年，最早一次引《诗》在桓公六年，可见赋《诗》引《诗》之风与礼治思潮乃同步而兴。事实上，会盟燕享的赋《诗》引《诗》，几乎也集中在春秋时期。在会盟燕享中，列国都想用既合于礼又合于愿而又不失为大雅的手段，实现自己的目的，赋《诗》言志便成最佳选择。会盟燕享中的诗礼交锋，直接影响了士君子的价值判断与人格修养。列国名卿的外交才能，多半表现在熟谙《诗》礼、智能达变上。鲁襄公十六年，晋侯与诸侯在温地宴会，各国大夫皆赋诗言志，而齐国的高厚歌诗与舞不配，结果惹怒晋国，高厚只好落荒而逃。鲁襄公二十八年，齐国庆封逃难到鲁，叔孙豹让乐工诵《茅鸱》骂他，他竟茫然不知。鲁昭公十二年，宋华定到鲁国出差，鲁人赋《寥萧》以示友好与祝福，他毫无反应。这些在当时都是“国际笑话”。因而这个时代要求士君子必须熟谙《诗》礼，出使四方而能专对。鲁昭公七年，鲁国孟僖子陪昭公到楚国参加会盟，因不能以礼应对而抱恨终身，临终前要儿子跟孔子学礼。熟谙《诗》礼，关乎文化修养与基本素质，即春秋时所谓的“文”。鲁襄公三十一年，北宫文子评论郑国的贤臣是：子大叔“美秀而文”，公孙挥“善为辞令”。

    在礼治思潮下，整个时代的士君子，无不以《诗》礼为立身之本，以求自我实现。因此，春秋大国曾兴起研究《诗》礼的热潮；一些小国，为了交往大国，也不得不研究诗礼；连当时的戎狄也加入此列。但这时不像汉唐那样研究《诗》的本意或寻求圣人的微言，而是将《诗》认作与“礼”有诸多联系的圣典。《左传》几乎是把《诗》作为“礼经”来用的，其所有的引《诗》段落似乎或多或少都与礼有些联系。“礼”成了《诗》的第一生命。所有引《诗》赋《诗》者，无一不是精通礼仪者。

    总之，会盟燕享，促成了赋《诗》引《诗》的热潮；礼治思潮，促成了以礼为核心的诗歌解释系统的形成。在春秋会盟燕享的外交大平台上，诗与礼绾结，为狼烟四起的春秋笼上了一层温情脉脉的面纱。