题干

【历史——选修4:中外历史人物评说】

材料:板印书籍,唐人尚未盛为之,自冯瀛王始印五经,以后典籍,皆为版本。庆历中有布衣毕昇,又为活版。其法:用胶泥刻字,薄如钱唇,每字为一印,火烧令坚。先设一铁版,其上以松脂、腊和纸灰之类冒之。欲印,则以一铁范置铁板上,乃密布字印,满铁范为一板,持就火炀之,药稍熔,则以一平板按其面,则字平如砥。若止印三二本,未为简易;若印数十百千本,则极为神速。常作二铁板,一板印刷,一板已自布字,此印者才毕,则第二板已具,更互用之,瞬息可就。每一字皆有数印,如之、也等字,每字有二十余印,以备一板内有重复者。不用,则以纸贴之,每韵为一贴,木格贮之。有奇字素无备者,旋刻之,以草火烧,瞬息可成。不以木为之者,文理有疏密,沾水则高下不平,兼与药相粘,不可取;不若燔土,用讫再火令药熔,以手拂之,其印自落,殊不沾污。异死,其印为予群从所得,至令保藏。

——摘编自沈括《梦溪笔谈》

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    With air pollution making much difference to many of Chinese cities, parents are calling for the installation(安装) of air cleaners in classrooms. There has been much debate over whether air cleaners should be used in China's schools. Some parents have donated cleaners to their children's classrooms, while others raise money together to make the purchase(购买). “Our school bought air cleaners last year. We did a little fund raising, with each parent throwing in several hundred for that,” said one parent.

    However, the idea of installing air cleaners for all the classes has been refused by some schools. Liu Liangcheng, vice-principal of Beijing's Taipinglu Primary School, says installing air cleaners bought by parents may lead to problems. “We have refused air cleaners bought by parents before, as there are clear and strict rules against educational fees. We can't just break the rules here. And without standard guidance (指示) from local authorities(权威部门), it is hard to decide on the brand of the cleaner, installation and even safety of the device(设备).”

    Moreover, experts say air cleaners can cause other health problems. Deng Gaofeng who works for the China Academy of Building Research says. “ In the classroom, if we keep windows and doors closed, the concentrations (浓度) of CO2 will double from 1,000 PPM to some 2,000 PPM. According to national safety standards, the highest level should not be more than 1,500.” In addition, experts say air cleaners on the market are mostly designed for homes or offices. Evaluation(评估) is needed to know whether they are suitable in classrooms.

    It seems whether air cleaners should enter China's schools is an ongoing question. It still requires a more detailed plan.

阅读以上信息,用恰当的单词完成下面的表格,每空一词。

Topic : Should air cleaners be installed for students in school?

Persons

____

Parents

They support the installation of the air cleaners by____ money to make the purchase.

Schools

● Installing air cleaners bought by parents breaks the rules of educational fees.

● Considering the safety of the device, we have difficulty making a ____ about which one to buy.

Experts

● They think air cleaners may be____ to students' health.

● They are not sure whether air cleaners are suitable in classrooms.

It turns out that this ongoing question needs____ more carefully.