Humans like to live and work in groups. Language is the “cement(胶合剂)”____holds these groups together. Language is part of culture. Culture, in this sense,____ (mean) all those customs, skills, and attitudes that are part of the behavior of a ____ (particularly) group. What you think ____ what you want in life are all affected by the culture of the group in which you ____( raise). Groups of people live in different ways. They may have different skills, organizations, and art forms. Their family life may be completely different from yours.

    Human beings are inventive animals. They can decide to change their cultures in order to meet various ____(situation). Of all living things, human beings are the ____(clever). They can choose ____(live) in many environments and in a wide variety of ways. Only human beings can choose where and how they want to live and then improve the physical environment to help ____(they)realize these choices.

    Acquiring the wisdom to make wise choices ____ (be)the lasting challenge of being human.

人们如此歌颂一位民族解放运动中的英雄：“女王，印度人民感恩戴德，绝不会把你遗忘…”这位英雄是（　　）

读下面的中国地形图，回答下列问题。

材料：武则天参与朝政和当上皇帝之后，对科举制度进行了多次重大改革。首先，扩大制举。缩短制举间隔，使“常举”制度化，变数年一次开科取士为每年一次。并扩大录取人数，增加制举科目，把以前每次1～2科，增加到7～8科。其次，创立殿试。据史书记载，殿试是于载初元年（公元690年）二月十四日，武则天亲自于洛城殿对贡士进行面试开始的。这次考试进行了数日，仕子云集，达上万人。第三，设武举科。女皇晚年，于文科殿试之外，又创办了武举，以选拔武艺精通、具有将帅才能的人。从此以后，宋、元、明、清四朝都开武科。第四，开创“南选”。唐初，边远的五岭及贵州一带，文化比较落后，武则天有意加以开发，对这些地区在人才的选拔上特别给予照顾。第五，创“密封卷”。即此后开科，必须糊上考生的姓名，监考官按答卷优劣定格录取，这就是最早的密封卷。

——《武则天在科举制度上有哪些改革》