题干

读下面的短文,并回答问题:
我们已经知道静止液体内部压强的规律,那么流动着的液体的压强大小又有什么规律呢?我们可以通过下面的实验来研究这个问题。
打开水龙头,使自来水流过图17所示玻璃管,可以看到A、B处竖直玻璃管中的液面高度不同,这说明A、B处的压强不相同。


(1)根据上面的实验现象,请你分析,A、B两处那处的压强小?其物理依据是什么?
(2)请你总结出流动液体压强大小的规律。
(3)根据你得到的规律解释下面的现象。如图18所示的是两艘并排的船,在航行时,常常会不由自主的碰在一起。这是为什么?

上一题 下一题 0.0难度 选择题 更新时间:2014-05-21 07:05:51

答案(点此获取答案解析)

解:(1)B处的压强小,物理依据是P=ρgh。

(2)流动着的液体的压强大小与流速有关,流速大的地方压强小。

(3)由于两船之间水的截面积小,而两船外侧水的截面积大,所以两船之间的水流速度大、压强小,两船外侧水流速度小、压强大,形成向里的压力差,使两船相互靠拢。

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阅读理解

    The guzheng is a traditional Chinese musical instrument. It belongs to the zither(齐特琴)family of string instruments. It is the parent of many musical instruments of some other countries.

    The guzheng should not be confused with the guqin, another ancient Chinese zither but without bridges. Now the guzheng is zither with movable bridges and usually 21 strings, although it can have from 15-25 strings. The guzheng's strings were formerly made of silk, though most players used metal strings by the 20th century. Since the mid-20th century most performers use steel strings. The guzheng has a large resonant cavity(共振腔).

    The guzheng has existed since the Warring States Period and became especially popular during the Qin dynasty. The number of strings on the guzheng has always fluctuated. There were as few as 6 to as many as 23 strings during the Tang dynasty. The earliest record of the guzheng belonged to the historian Sima Qian. Until 1961, the common guzheng had 16 strings, although by the mid-20th century 18-string guzheng were also in use. In 1961, Xu Zhenggao, together with Wang Xunzhi, introduced the first 21-string guzheng after two years of research and development. In 1960, they also invented the “S-shaped” left string rest, which was quickly adopted by all guzheng makers and is still used today. This curve allows for greater ease in tuning the strings and, combined with strings of different thickness, allows for greater resonance in both the deeper and the higher pitch(音调)ranges. The 21-string guzheng is the most commonly used one, but some traditional musicians still use the 16-string one.