阅读下面的古诗文，完成下列各题。

（一）

    青州有谋反者，州县逮捕支党，收系满狱，诏殿中侍御史安喜崔仁师覆按^①之。仁师至，悉脱去杻械^②，与饮食汤沐，宽慰之，止坐其魁首十余人，余皆释之。还报，敕使将往决之。大理少卿孙伏伽谓仁师曰：“足下平反者多，人情谁不贪生，恐魁首见徒侣^③得免，未肯甘心，深为足下忧之。”仁师曰：“凡治狱当以平恕为本，岂可自规免罪，知其冤而不为伸邪？万一暗短，误有所纵，以一身易十囚之死，亦所愿也。”伏伽惭而退。及敕使至，更讯诸囚，皆曰：“崔公平恕，事无枉滥，请速就死。”无一人异辞者。

（二）

    刘宽字文饶，弘农华阴人也。宽尝行，有人失牛者，乃就宽车中认之。宽无所言，下驾步归。有顷，认者得牛而送还，叩头谢日：“惭负长者，随所刑罪。”宽曰：“物有相类，事容脱误，幸劳见归，何为谢之?”州里服其不校。

    延熹八年，征拜尚书令，迁南阳太守。典历三郡，温仁多恕，虽在仓卒，未尝疾言遽色。常以为“齐之以刑，民免而无耻” 。吏人有过，但用蒲鞭罚之，示辱而已，终不加苦。事有功善，推之自下。灾异或见，引躬克责。每行县止息亭传，见父老慰以农里之言，少年勉以孝悌之训。人感德兴行，日有所化。

【注】①覆按：审查核实。②杻械：木枷和镣铐之类的刑具。③徒侣：同伴。

    The Chongyang Festival falls on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month and is also called the Double Ninth Festival. As both the month and the day are nine, it got this name. To celebrate the day, people usually climb mountains and enjoy chrysanthemum (菊花), so the festival is also known as the Height Ascending (登高) Festival or the Chrysanthemum Festival. In China, nine has the similar pronunciation with the word “forever”, meaning long life. So the Chinese government set the day as the Seniors' Day.

    The festival has a history of over 2000 years. During the Warring States Period, there was the Chongyang Festival. But it was only celebrated in the imperial palace. From the Han Dynasty, it began to be popular among the common people. The name of the Chongyang Festival first appeared in the Three Kingdoms Period. During the Jin Dynasty, there were customs of enjoying chrysanthemum and drinking wines on the day. It was not (A) officially set as a festival until the Tang Dynasty. Since then, all the people have spent the festival with kinds of activities. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, people in the imperial palace all ate flower cakes to celebrate. The emperor climbed the mountain on the day as well. In 1989, the Chinese government set the day as the Seniors' Day.

    As September has the clear sky and fresh air, it is a very good time to climb the mountain. There will be a happy sense of excitement by climbing the mountain in this season. Also, it is good for health. Since the Western Han Dynasty, it has been the custom of climbing on the Chongyang Festival.

    On the day, enjoying chrysanthemum is very popular as the flower means long life. Drinking chrysanthemum is regarded as a way to prevent disasters and bad things. Inserting Zhuyu and sticking chrysanthemum are also traditions to avoid the bad as (B) they have special smells which can repel (驱逐) insects and keep out the cold.

    Eating Chongyang cakes is another tradition on the festival. There is no fixed way of the cake but the one with nine layers (层) with two sheep on it is the best. Two sheep means Chongyang. Nine layers show people could do well in everything.