阅读理解

      It's Sunday afternoon. It's my son's eighth birthday tomorrow. I go into a cake shop to buy a big birthday cake for him.

      When I get there, the shop is full of people. When I am looking for a cake, I find a little boy watching the cakes for a long time. He is in poor clothes. At last he picks a cake. Then he gives money to the salesgirl and says to her, “I want the small cake.”

  “Sorry, the cake is 20 yuan, but you only pay 10 yuan.” says the salesgirl.

  “I …I have no more money.” says the little boy and he begins to cry. “Oh , my boy. Who would you like to buy the birthday cake for?” I ask.

 “My mom, madam.”

“Why doesn't she come and buy one?”

 “My father left us a few years ago,” the boy says. “we don't have money. My mother has to work from morning to night every day. She celebrates my birthday every year, but she never celebrates her birthday. It’s her birthday tomorrow. I want to buy a small cake for her. But I don’t have enough money…”

  “Oh, my boy! I’m your mother's friend,” I say. “I will buy her a nice birthday cake.”I give the money to the salesgirl and leave the shop.

材料一：为他们的政权合法性寻找某种原则，对于他们是至关重要的。……汉朝皇帝的高招是，延揽始终坚持封建制度的学派来支持中央集权的国家……他们最大成就是，使这个从未亲身经历封建时代的新文人阶层相信，孔子的学说能够应用于新的政治体制……中央集权国家的理念逐渐与这个文人阶层和儒家信徒紧密结合起来。这个文人阶层原来捍卫的是旧封建制度，但是在此之后，他们一直反对任何分裂活动。

——菲茨杰拉德《中国简明文化史》

材料二：周道衰，孔子没，火于秦，黄老于汉，佛于晋、魏、梁、隋之间。其言道德仁义者……不入于老，则归于佛……后之人其欲闻仁义道德之说，孰从而听之？老者曰：“孔子，吾师之弟子也。”佛者曰：“孔子，吾师之弟子也。”为孔子者，习闻其说 ，乐其诞而自小也，亦曰“吾师亦尝师之云尔”。

——韩愈《原道》

材料三：然以释氏所见，较之吾儒，彼不可谓无所见，但却只是从外面见得个影子，不曾见得里许真实道理，所以见处则尽高明脱洒，而用处七颠八倒，无有是处。

——朱熹《答陈卫道》

***第十八届中央委员会第五次全体会议于2015年10月2日在北京举行。全会提出，我国将“全面实施一对夫妇可生育两个孩子”的政策。至此，实施了35年的独生子女政策正式宣告终结。以下说法正确的是（    ）

①放开二胎政策说明我国不再坚持计划生育的基本国策

②有助于调整人口结构，应对人口老龄化问题

③我国经济社会发展中存在的问题很多都与我国的人口国情直接相关

④人口发展与经济社会发展相适应，才能保证国民经济的持续发展和社会的全面进步

选择正确答案的序号填空。

妈妈穿衣服既大方又有（     ）。