对下面文段中所使用的修辞方法的作用理解错误的一项是
这就是白杨树，西北极普通的一种树，然而决不是平凡的树！
它伟岸、正直、朴质、严肃，也不缺乏温和。它是树中的伟丈夫！
当你在积雪初融的高原上走过，看见平坦的大地上傲然挺立着一株或一排白杨树，难道你就觉得它只是树?难道你就不想到它的朴质、严肃、坚强不屈，至少也象征了北方的农民？难道你竟一点也不联想到，在敌后的广大土地上，到处有坚强不屈，就像这白杨树一样傲然挺立的守卫他们家乡的哨兵？难道你又不更远一点想到这样枝枝叶叶靠紧团结，力求上进的白杨树，宛然象征了今天在华北平原纵横决荡，用血写出新中国历史的那种精神和意志?

完形填空
    This is an educational story．A teacher once told each of her students to bring an empty plastic bag and a large bag of 1 to school．If there was someone in their lives that they 2 to forgive，they chose a potato，  3  the name of that person and the date on it, and then put it  4 the plastic bag．Some of their bags were quite heavy．
    They were then told to5 these bags with them everywhere for one week，putting them beside their beds  6 and next to their desks in the classroom．
    As they carried the bags around with them，they 7 what a weight they were carrying，and how hard they needed to pay attention  8 ． Of course，the potatoes were rotten(腐烂的)soon，and smelled  9 ．
    This is the same as the price we pay for keeping our pain and unhappiness with us!So 10others is not only a gift for them，but also a very good gift for ourselves．

（1）写出物质的化学式：

阅读下列材料，好的问题

材料一：治世不一道，便国不法古，故汤武不循礼而王，夏殷不易礼而亡。反古者不可非，而循礼者不足多。

——《商君书·更法篇》

材料二：秦王扫六合，虎视何雄哉。挥剑决浮云，诸侯尽西来。

——李白《古风》

材料三：孝武初立，卓然罢黜百家，表章六经，遂畴咨海内，举其俊茂，与之立功。……如武帝之雄才大略，不改文景之恭俭以济斯民，随诗书所称，何有加焉。

——《汉书·武帝传》

土壤板结影响农作物的正常生长，农民田间松土的主要目的是防止（　　）