题干

历史表明:社会总是不断向前发展的,历史车轮滚滚向前,不可阻挡。根据提示,结合所学知识,回答问题。

【一,思想篇】

材料一:在古代希腊、罗马文明之后,基督教会对西方世界近千年的思想统治,使人们的个人意识受到极大的压制。为此,不同国家、不同领域的杰出人士不顾教会势力的迫害和世俗的误解,在欧洲掀起了两次影响巨大的思想解放潮流,带领人们迈进科学的理性时代。

【二,制度篇】

材料二:17—18世纪,英、美、法的资产阶级在血与火的洗礼中建立了自己的政治统治。从此,自由与平等、民主与法制的理念逐渐深入人心,深刻影响了世界历史发展的进程。

【三,改革篇】

材料三:苏联(苏俄)的探索:列宁在十月革命以后提出了一个著名的公式:苏维埃政权+普鲁士铁路管理+美国技术和托拉斯组织……=社会主义。斯大林在1926年指出“社会主义经济是统一最集中的经济,社会主义经济是按计划进行的”。

【四,科技篇】

材料四:英国在17世纪40年代爆发了一场刀光剑影和血雨腥风的革命,从18世纪60年代开始又发生了一场没有你死我活的拼杀,通过和平变革彻底改变了人们生产和生活方式的革命。

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阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从1-20各题所给的四个选项(A, B, C和D)中,选出最佳选项。

       Since finishing my studies at Harvard and Oxford. I've watched one friend after another land high-ranking, high-paying Wall Street jobs. As executives(高级管理人员) with banks, consulting firms, established law firms, and major corporations, many are now1on their way to impressive careers. By society's2 , they seem to have it made.

        On the surface, these people seem to be very lucky in life. As they left student life behind, many had a 3 drink at their cheap but friendly local bar, shook hands with Longtime roommates, and4 out of small apartments into high buildings. They made reservations at restaurants where the cost of a bottle of wine 5 a college year's monthly rent. They replaced their beloved old car with expensive new sports cars.

The thing is, a number of them have  6 that despite their success, they aren't happy. Some 7 of unfriendly coworkers and feel sad for eight-hour workweeks devoted to tasks they  8 . Some do not respect the companies they work for and talk of feeling tired and9. However, instead of devoting themselves to their work, they find themselves working to support the 10to which they have so quickly become 11 .

          People often speak of trying a more satisfying path, and 12 in the end the idea of leaving, their jobs to work for something they  13   or finding a position that would give them more time with their families almost always leads them to the same conclusion; it's 14  . They have loans, bills, a mortgage(抵押贷款)to  15 , retirement to save for. They recognize there's something  16 in their lives, but it’s 17 to step off the track.

         In a society that tends to  18  everything in terms of dollars and cents, we learn form a young age to consider the costs of our 19   in financial terms. But what about the personal and social costs  20  in pursuing money over meaning? These are exactly the kinds of us tend to ignore — and the very ones we need to consider most.