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    What is the first thing you want to do when you see someone yawn(打哈欠)? You want to yawn, too! Yawning is contagious.

    Scientists have found that all people yawn. Babies start to yawn even before they are born. The earliest yawn takes place when a baby is still inside its mother. When young children are about one year old, they start to yawn when they see others yawning. That's why scientists seem to think yawning is contagious.

    It's no secret that yawning is contagious, but why do we yawn? Well, scientists are not really sure.

    Some think we yawn because we feel bored. Recently scientists studied two groups of students between the ages of 17 and 19. One group watched music videos, and the other watched a boring color test. Scientists compared the numbers of their yawns and found that the color test group yawned more times than the video group.

    Another reason about yawning has to do with breathing. Some scientists believe that when we are bored or tired, we breathe more slowly. As our breathing slows down, we cannot get rid of(去除) enough carbon dioxide (CO2) in our bodies. When there is too much carbon dioxide, our bodies will tell the brains (大脑) to breathe deeply. The result is a big yawn.                                                           

    In 2007, scientists suggested a new reason. They said that the reason people yawned was to cool down their brains. These scientists found that people who were warmer than others yawned more often.

    Scientists are still trying to find out why yawning happens and why it is so contagious. But they are only sure that when one person yawns, almost everyone else nearby wants to yawn, too.

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阅读下面的选文,回答题目。
背  叛
①在南极探险的途中,森和队伍失散了,伴随他的只有那少得可怜的行囊和一条属于他的狗。他们在雪地里走了两天两夜,只有极少的干粮,渴了就吃两口雪。恶劣的环境已使他们筋疲力尽。他们艰难地跋涉,不停地用雪擦拭冻僵的皮肤。他们已不知要走向哪里,只希望能看到人迹,或者被他们的队伍发现。但行囊里所剩无几的食物让森意识到也许他们挺不到救援的到来。因为威胁除了体力不支外,还有来自身边这只同样忍受着饥饿的雪撬犬。这两天他早已感到它的急躁不安,还有夜间那双直盯着他的碧绿的眸子。
②终于,所有的食粮已经用完,能够找到的任何食物都没有了。森感到他如果再吃雪就会从里到外冻成冰。这时候,他的犬突然向前跑去,在正对着他两米左右的地方转身站住,摆出像狼一样的威胁的姿势。平日忠实的眼神已经被贪婪所吞没,往常亲昵地低吟这时已变成野 兽般地咆哮。森知道,他和这只西伯利亚雪撬犬的争斗终于来了。森从包里抽出一把备用的砍刀。霎时间,人和犬之间微妙的关系变得异常的尴尬。两个都一动不动,也许谁都不愿先打破这个僵局,也许谁都在等待着最佳时机以攻击对方。
③对于一个体力不支但手握武器的人和一条有着锋利牙齿但筋疲力尽的狗来说,也许人的胜算稍大些。森紧握着刀,脑海里浮现出与爱犬共度的日子:当他刚迷失于风雪的几个小时里,它可以凭着敏锐的嗅觉找回队伍,但它没有丝毫犹豫地跟随了主人;在诡异静谧的夜晚,虽然饥饿难耐,但它仍然选择了依偎在主人的身旁,警惕地保卫着主人。也许没有它的话,自己根本挺不到这个时候,可眼前的状况却让他不知所措。森突然感到了 自己的残忍,当忠诚的动物不得不选择背叛的时候,他宁愿选择宽容。森将手中的刀使劲抛向远方。于是境况立即扭转:一个手无寸铁而且体力不支的人和一条有锋利牙齿并且饥饿不堪的狗,狗优势显然。森的眼睛湿润了,凝视着往日与他忠诚相伴的爱犬。雪撬犬没有放过丝毫机会,起身将森扑倒。森立时感到了无比的绝望,他甚至能感到犬从喉咙里吐出的热气还有它舌尖上的腥味。但惊人的事情发生了,等待森的不是钻心的疼痛和喷涌的热血,却是爱犬用舌头舔着他的脖子,以温暖他冻僵的血管。就在一人一犬互相依偎的几小时后,救援队伍找到了他们。
④森在生死时刻抛弃了砍刀,雪撬犬最终没有选择背叛,两个生命都获得了拯救。如果故事的结局是相反的,雷撬犬背叛了它的主人,森背叛了他的本性,那么救援人员找到的将无疑是两具冒着热血的尸体。
⑤很多时候我们身边的人像雪撬犬一样不得不背叛。当我们面对这种背叛时,是选择杀戮还是宽恕,一念之间也许天差地别,决定生死。关键在于是否背叛了自己的心灵。
(选自《青年文摘》有删改)