Forcing waiters and waitresses to survive on tips from customers rather than normal wages is a pointless, rough, and unique American custom that, in the past several years, a handful of progressive restaurant owners have attempted to do away with. Now one of the most famous names in the dining business says he’s about to join their ranks. Danny Meyer, CEO of Union Square Hospitality Group, has announced that he plans to gradually stop tipping at the company’s 13 restaurants.

What, exactly, is wrong with tipping? To start with, leaving a waiter’s pay in the hands of customers causes a feeling of discrimination (歧视). In theory, handing restaurant customers the power to tip is at least supposed to inspire better, more attentive service. This fails in practice because humans turn out to be pretty arbitrary (随心所欲的) about their tipping behavior. Research has shown that the amount diners leave has very little to do with their level of satisfaction. All of this doesn’t encourage waiters and waitresses to do anything but turn over as many tables as possible.

Tipping is also very unfair to kitchen staff. The law allows restaurants to divide tips among front-of-the- house workers like waiters, hosts, and hostesses, but not cooks. This creates a system in which the people serving the food in a restaurant can earn more than the people preparing it.

One of the most appealing parts of Meyer’s move is that, unlike some restaurant owners who have taken an anti-tipping view, he won’t simply add a standard extra charge to diners’ bills. Rather, Union Square Hospitality Group intends to raise menu prices enough to fully cover the cost of a meal. If Meyer manages to move away from tipping at all without hurting his profits, it will almost certainly set the stage for others to follow suit.

   Computer hackers have now got their hands on mobile phones. A phone virus program can get your phone to do things you have no _____ of, computer security experts _____.

It might call the White House or the police, or _____ your personal address book to a marketing company. Or it could simply eat into the phone’s operating software, turning it _____ and erasing your personal information.

Similar viruses have already made mobile phone owners _____ in Japan and Europe.

Mr. Hypponen, chief technical officer of computer security in Finland said, “A virus can get your _____ and send them somewhere else. And it can record your _____.”

Mobiles are now able to _____ the Net, send e-mails and download software. So they easily become the _____ for the same hackers who have sent viruses to computers over the past decade.

“It’s technically ______ now,” said Stephen Trilling, director of research on anti-virus software.

“If the phone is connected to the ______, it can be used to transmit (传递) threats and ______ just as any computer can.”

In Japan, ______ you open a certain e-mail on your mobile, it will cause the phone to repeatedly ______ the national emergency number.

So phone operators will have to ______ emergency calls until the virus is ______.

In Europe, mobiles’ short message service, ______, SMS, has been used to send codes that could damage ______.

“Mobile users can ______ viruses, of course, by ______ their traditional phones without Web links,” some experts say.