Many years ago in a zoo，I was shocked by finding that chimpanzees could behave in a more civil manner than youths. Great apes（类人猿）are always one of the favourite attractions in any zoo. The main reason for this is that they are so similar to us.

This similarity has persuaded a group called the Great Ape Project（GAP）to campaign for these animals to be afforded“human rights”.

This has resulted in laws in New Zealand，which could mean that great apes would become the first animals in the world with basic rights protected by the law.

Not everybody is happy with this idea，however. Scientists using animals for scientific research fear that this is just the first stage in a process that will lead to a ban on using all animals for research.

The GAP declaration claims great apes should have“human rights”due to scientific evidence about their abilities. But if we compare the abilities of humans and great apes，then why not the abilities of great apes and monkeys，monkeys and lemurs，and so on until insects are granted“human rights”？This is not foolish. There are people without basic human rights. How long ago，for example，did women not have the right to vote？

Yet another argument by those who don't support GAP is that the human-like qualities of great apes have been exaggerated（夸大）for certain reasons，and that this has led people to exaggerate the similarities but ignore the differences between humans and great apes.

In a fascinating book entitled What It Means to be 98% Chimpanzee，Jonathan M. Marks points out that，although a human and a daffodil（水仙花）share the common ancestry and their DNA matches more than 25% of the time，it is plainly ridiculous to claim that we are one-quarter daffodils.

He goes on to demonstrate that，if looked at from one angle，it is true that we are apes phylogenetically. But also fish from another angle！“It doesn't sound quite so profound now，does it？”

【小题1】What does Paragraph 1 mainly talk about？

A．The experience was unforgettable.

B．Chimpanzees are similar to humans.

C．Chimpanzees are very popular in the zoo.

D．Animals could behave better than humans.

【小题2】Which of the following would the Great Ape Project most probably agree with?

A．Animals should be free from any scientific research.

B．New Zealand should do more to protect the rights of great apes.

C．The differences between humans and great apes have been ignored.

D．Great apes have adequate characteristics to be included as our equals.

【小题3】How does the author develop his idea mainly in Paragraph 5?

A．By reasoning.

B．By giving examples.

C．By making comparisons.

D．By providing scientific evidence.

【小题4】What point does Jonathan M. Marks try to make in his book?

A．Humans are more than one-quarter daffodils.

B．Great apes and fish are phylogenetically similar from another angle.

C．Humans are as similar to fish as they are to great apes.

D．Being 98% genetically identical matters less than thought.

语法填空

Jumping spiders (跳蛛) are vital for agricultural pest control, and 【小题1】 species can even learn to distinguish (辨别) the color red in their prey (猎物), a 2015 study 【小题2】 (show). They are able to learn to associate this color 【小题3】 poisonous prey and avoid it or find out high-quality prey.

Jumping spiders will eat almost any small pest, 【小题4】 (range) from caterpillars to flies. Not only does this 【小题5】 (natural) reduce the amount of agricultural damage from insect pests, but it means farmers can avoid using chemical treatments 【小题6】 (protect) their crops.

In total, a large number of jumping spiders, over 5,000 species, 【小题7】 (find) on every continent except Antarctica by now. Being able to adapt to the environment is a key evolutionary skill. Since the spiders are able to distinguish 【小题8】 foods are nutritious, from those that are 【小题9】 (harm). They can stay alive longer and manage a wide 【小题10】 (various) of pests.

短文改错
When the soldiers are being attacked, they are worrying. Then a good idea occurs on to an officer. He writes a short message on a piece of paper and rolls it up. After attached it to a pigeon's leg, he makes the pigeon loose. The pigeon immediately flies into the air and disappeared in the dark.
Why does an officer choose a pigeon to send an important message? Pigeons have a wonderful sense of direction and can find its way home over long distances. That's why pigeons have used since ancient times to carry news. However, it was in war which people found their greatest use. During both World War I and World War Ⅱ, pigeons were employed by armies to carry messages to or from the front lines, saving the lives of many soldier.

Dinosaurs ruled the planet for millions of years, and they are generally believed to have gone extinct.But the reality is that modern versions of dinosaurs are all around us. Scientists have been exploring similarities between birds and dinosaurs; and new research shows that these two types of animals are directly linked.
The connections between birds and dinosaurs are explored in a new museum exhibit called Dinosaurs Among Us at the American Museum of Natural History in New York City.
According to Mark Norell, the director of the exhibit and an expert at the museum, it is based on new scientific evidence collected over the last two decades. "I think this is really going to shake up the way people think of dinosaurs “ Norell told reporters.” One could argue that we still live in the age of dinosaurs."
The exhibit includes ancient fossils and lifelike models of dinosaurs of all sizes to show the evolution of dinosaurs into birds. It examines several properties that are shared between the two species, including feathers, complex brains, the shapes. And sizes of eggs, and the ability to fly. Birds today make nests, lay eggs and tend to babies.    Fossil research shows that some dinosaurs also made nests and laid eggs. Also，birds have hollow（中空的）bones, which don’t weigh much and allow birds to take more air into their lungs. These adaptations help with flight. Some dinosaurs had these properties as well. In addition, the exhibit shows that there are many similarities between the legs, claws; and feet of dinosaurs and birds.
Norell noted that the research behind this exhibit is the result of advanced scientific, techniques; and new technologies. For example researchers used a scanning (扫描) process called computed tomography (CT) to look inside the brains of extinct dinosaurs. It combines with many X-rays to produce a 3D image. "Modern technology tells us more than we thought
we could ever know about the connections between dinosaurs and birds," Norell said.
【小题1】What' s the main idea of this text?

A．Experts .have discovered many dinosaurs' fossils.

B．A new museum has opened for visitors to New York City.

C．Research has been done on the lifestyles of birds and dinosaurs.

D．An exhibit shows the connections between birds and dinosaurs.

【小题2】What does the underlined word “properties” in Paragraph 4 mean?

A．Advantages.	B．Characters.
C．Changes.	D．Activities.

【小题3】One of the similarities that dinosaurs and birds share lies in________

A．their lungs	B．their light bones
C．the shapes of their nests	D．the number of their eggs

【小题4】What did Mark Norell try to show by mentioning CT?

A．The importance of the research.

B．What connects dinosaurs and birds.

C．The application of modern technology.

D．How dinosaurs lived millions of years ago.

   Dragging a sleigh loaded with enough presents for the world’s children can be no easy skill. But, since ancient times, the Christmas Eve duty has been performed by a team of beloved reindeer.

Soon, however, Santa Claus may have to start looking around for a stronger type of animal, as newresearch shows the species is becoming increasingly puny. A 16-year survey on the arctic Norwegian islands, Svalbard, found the reindeer there have declined in weight by an alarming 12 percent.

The reduction in average body weight is being blamed on global warming. In the research presented lately at a meeting of the British Ecological Society in Liverpool, scientists have explained how upward temperatures are robbing female reindeer of nutrients during important periods of pregnancy.

Snow in Svalbard typically covers the ground for eight months of a year, which, combined with low temperatures, limits grass growth to June and July. But as summer temperatures increase by around 1. 5℃, grass has become more productive, allowing female reindeer to gain more weight by autumn and therefore to have more babies. However, winters have brought with them greater rainfall which freezes when it settles on the snow. Reindeer can often access the poor food sources beneath the snow by clearing it away with their antlers (鹿角) , but they cannot break through the hard ice. As a result, female reindeer are becoming starved, causing them to lose their babies or give birth to the much lighter young.

Despite the findings, reindeer appear to be suffering less from the effect of climate change than some other arctic species. Last week the scientists warned that a third of the world’s polar bears could disappear in the next 40 years.

【小题1】Which of the following can replace the underlined word “puny” in Paragraph 2?

A．strong	B．mature
C．heavy	D．weak

【小题2】Why do female reindeer become fat in autumn?

A．Because the temperature is getting low.

B．Because they give birth to more babies.

C．Because grass grows well during the period.

D．Because they often break through the hard ice.

【小题3】What can we infer from the text?

A．Climate change has little effect on reindeer.

B．Polar bears suffer more from climate change.

C．Reindeer have no trouble finding food in winter.

D．Polar bears will disappear totally in the near future.

【小题4】What does the text mainly talk about?

A．The Christmas Eve duty will still be carried out by reindeer.

B．Reindeer have decreased in weight owing to global warming.

C．Global warming contributes to more young reindeer.

D．Many arctic species are at the risk of dying out.