When it comes to exercise，most of us fit into one of the two groups — those who keep a regular exercise habit and those who think about being more active but can’t seem to have a plan to do it consistently. Whatever your attitude to exercise，there’s another form of physical activity that many of us car-loving people can do to get enough movement in general.

Studies have shown that putting away your car and walking, biking or taking public transport to work can have a significant positive influence on your health by improving spirits, reducing body weight and lowering the risk of heart disease.

It’s not surprising that taking a bus or a train regularly leads to a more physically active lifestyle. Just think about what comes with using public transport. Those who travel to work without a car walk to stations, climb stairs, often stand while waiting for their bus or train, and then finally travel on foot or by bicycle to their destination. Such active transport can make up for the inactive time spent in work and school environments.

There’s no doubt that the improving public transport system in the city is influencing the way people work and live. But though the public transport system is improving, it is not within easy reach of everyone who would like to use it.

Bike-sharing programs are also growing in popularity（普及）and helping to bridge a gap in the crowded city public transport system. These programs allow users to easily book, ride and return a borrowed bike. Bike-sharing programs help people who might still need to travel some distance between the end of the bus or the underground line and their final destination. They also offer an opportunity to residents and visitors to travel freely around the city without being trapped in a car.

【小题1】What exercise does the author suggest for car-lovers?

A．Form a habit of taking exercise regularly.

B．Make a plan for exercise and take time for it.

C．Take a bus or a train and thus do some walking.

D．Live near the sports center for enough exercise.

【小题2】How can we make up for the inactive time we spend at work?

A．By taking public transport to work.

B．By taking a drive to the countryside for fresh air.

C．By climbing stairs and standing during breaks.

D．By making a plan for exercise and stick to it.

【小题3】What remains a disadvantage of public transport despite its improvement?

A．It’s too expensive and always comes late.

B．It’s too crowded and uncomfortable for travel.

C．It’s usually out of reach for most people.

D．Sometimes it can’t meet people’s demands.

【小题4】What can be known about bike-sharing programs?

A．They can prevent people from being trapped in accidents.

B．They help to improve the city’s public transport system.

C．They are beginning to replace public transport.

D．They are beginning to appear in some large crowded cities.

   Smoking is harmful. But as soon as you quit the habit, everything will be OK, right? Wrong.

New research has found that even if you give up smoking, the damage it has done to your genes will stay there for a much longer time. In the research, a team of US scientists studied the blood of 16,000 people. Among them, some were smokers, some used to smoke, and the rest were non-smokers. Scientists compared their genes and found that more than 7,000 genes of smokers had changed--a number that is one-third of known human genes.

According to NBC News, both heart disease and cancer are caused by genetic changes. Some people may have had the changes when they were born, but most people get them in their day-to-day lives while doing things like smoking.

When you stop smoking, a lot of these genes will return to normal within five years.

This means your body is trying to heal (治愈) itself of the harmful effects of smoking. But the changes in some of the genes stay for longer. They can stay for as long as 30 years, It’s almost like leaving a footprint on wet cement (水泥)----it will always be there, even when you’ve walked away and when the cement becomes dry.

Although the study results may make people unhappy, there is a bright side: the findings could help scientists invent medicine to treat genetic damage caused by smoking or find ways to tell which people have heart disease or cancer risks.

【小题1】The function of Paragraph 1 is to_________ .

A．introduce the topic of the passage	B．give an example
C．make an argument	D．show the main idea of the passage

【小题2】Most genetic changes happen because of___________ .

A．people’s condition at birth	B．environmental pollution
C．people’s bad living habit	D．heart disease and cancer

【小题3】The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refers to__________ .

A．the footprint	B．the cement
C．the harmful effect	D．the genetic change

【小题4】Which of the following statements is true?

A．The findings are the fruit of more than three years’ research.

B．The findings have prevented more people from starting smoking

C．The findings offer evidence that a damaged gene can heal itself.

D．The findings help to find cures for genetic damage caused by smoking.

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文，文中共有
10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处）不计分
Several days before, I was out with my friends at a local fast food restaurant. The food we ate was good but we had fun together. Before we left for the restaurant, we found that it also sold ice cream. We got exciting because we hadn’t eaten ice cream for a long time. One of my friend decided to buy all of us ice cream and in the restaurant, they all screamed (尖叫) with joy! Then the man came in with his son, who wanted to buy ice cream either. In the end, he decides to pay for our ice cream. We moved by such an act of kindness on a hot day.

语法填空

There are many【小题1】（opinion）about happiness. To some，happiness is being surrounded by family and friends. To others，happiness means【小题2】（achieve）success in something，such as meeting a goal. To those 【小题3】 have been injured or struggle with a physical disability，happiness can【小题4】（simple）mean a day without【小题5】（suffer）or just being alive. Then，how to find happiness？Sang Lan is【小题6】 very good example. While she was injured and in hospital，she amazed the world by the way she remained【小题7】（cheer）.After she went back to China，she adapted【小题8】 her new life quickly. Not only did she graduate from Peking University in 2007 with a degree in broadcasting【小题9】 she also hosted a sports program about the 2008 Beijing Olympics. Her courage is admirable and all of us should think about how she【小题10】（rebuild）her life when our life is unbearable.

The Brown Bear

My wife Laura and I were on the beach, with three of our children, taking pictures of shore birds near our home in Alaska when we spotted a bear. The bear was thin and small, moving aimlessly.

Just a few minutes later, I heard my daughter shouting, "Dad! The bear is right behind us!" An aggressive bear will usually rush forward to frighten away its enemy but would suddenly stop at the last minute. This one was silent and its ears pinned back — the sign (迹象) of an animal that is going in for the kill. And it was a cold April day. The bear behaved abnormally, probably because of hunger.

I held my camera tripod (三脚架) in both hands to form a barrier as the bear rushed into me. Its huge head was level with my chest and shoulders, and the tripod stuck across its mouth. It bit down and I found myself supporting its weight. I knew I would not be able to hold it for long.

Even so, this was a fight I had to win: I was all that stood between the bear and my family, who would stand little chance of running faster than a brown bear.

The bear hit at the camera, cutting it off the tripod. I raised my left arm to protect my face; the beast held tightly on the tripod and pressed it into my side. My arm could not move, and I sensed that my bones were going to break.

Drawing back my free hand, I struck the bear as hard as I could for five or six times. The bear opened its mouth and I grasped its fur, trying to push it away. I was actually wrestling (扭打) with the bear at this point. Then, as suddenly as it had begun, the fight ended. The bear moved back towards the forest, before returning for another attack — the first time I felt panic.

Apparently satisfied that we caused no further threat, the bear moved off, destroying a fence as it went. My arm was injured, but the outcome for us could hardly have been better. I'm proud that my family remained clear-headed when panic could have led to a very different outcome.

【小题1】The brown bear approached the family in order to   _______.

A．catch shore birds	B．start an attack
C．protect the children	D．set up a barrier for itself

【小题2】The bear finally went away after it   _______.

A．felt safe	B．got injured
C．found some food	D．took away the camera

【小题3】The writer and his family survived mainly due to their_______   .

A．pride	B．patience
C．calmness	D．cautiousness