Ask most people anywhere in the world what they want out of life and the reply will probably be“to be happy”. Ed Deiner，an American psychology professor，has spent his whole life studying what makes people happy，comparing levels of happiness between cultures and trying to find out exactly why we enjoy ourselves.

Many people would say that this question does not need an answer. But Professor Deiner has one anyway. “If you’re a cheerful，happy person，your marriage is more likely to last，and you’re more likely to make money and be successful in your job. On average，happy people have stronger immune systems（免疫系统），and there is some evidence that they live longer. ”

So who are the world’s happiest people？It depends on how the word is defined. There is individual（个人的）happiness，the sense of joy we get when we do something we like. But there is also the feeling of satisfaction we get when we know that others respect us and approve of how we behave. According to Professor Deiner，the Western world pursues individual happiness while Asia prefers mutual satisfaction.

“In the West，the individualistic culture means that your mood matters much more than it does in the East. People ask themselves if they are doing what is fun or interesting. They become unhappy when they can’t do any of these things. If you ask people from Japan or China whether they are happy，they tend to look at what has gone wrong in their lives. If not much has gone wrong，then they are satisfied. ”

“People from Spain and other Spanish-speaking countries have the happiest culture，”Professor Deiner found. “The biggest cultural difference is to do with pride and shame. Hispanic cultures report much more pride and much less shame than others. ”

Income（收入）also makes a big difference to people’s happiness，but only at the lowest levels. Average income earners in the US are much happier than people in poverty. But millionaires are only a little bit happier than people on average incomes. It seems that money makes us happy when we have enough to feel safe.

【小题1】According to the passage, happy people enjoy the following except _______.

A．a long marriage	B．career success
C．better health	D．respect from others

【小题2】What can be inferred from the fifth paragraph?

A．Hispanic cultures put stress on pride and shame.

B．Spanish people take too much pride in themselves.

C．Opinions towards pride and shame decide Spanish happiness.

D．If you are from Spain，you are the happiest.

【小题3】In the last paragraph，what does the writer want to tell us?

A．Poor people enjoy the same happiness as millionaires.

B．The higher income one gets，the happier life he lives.

C．Enough money can make us feel safe and happy.

D．Average income earners live the happiest life.

【小题4】What does the passage mainly discuss？

A．Cultural differences in happiness.

B．Reasons for happiness.

C．The happiest culture.

D．People’s opinions of happiness.

假设你是李华，你购买了一部某外国公司生产的手机，因有质量问题，要求该公司更换。请根据
下列要点，用英文写一封电子邮件。
要点：1. 问题：手机铃声不响，不能发短信；该产品已售完，暂时无法更换；该型号无配件，无法维修；
2. 解决方案：请公司尽快予以更换。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 电子邮件的开头和结尾已写好，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：配件spare parts
Dear Sir，

I am writing to you for the mobile phone I bought on 20th December，2018 at Tele Mall in Shenzhen，China. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Thank you for your consideration.

Sincerely yours，

Li Hua

I was shopping in the supermarket when I heard a young voice. “Mom, come here! There’s a lady here my size!” The mother rushed to her son; then she turned to me to apologize. I smiled and told her, “It’s okay.” Then talked to the boy, “Hi, I’m Darry Kramer. How are you?” He studied me from head to toe, and asked, “Are you a little mommy?” “Yes, I have a son,” I answered. “Why are you so little?” he asked. “It’s the way I was born,” I said. “Some people are little. Some are tall. I’m just not going to grow any bigger.” After I answered his other questions, I shook the boy’s hand and left.
My life as a little person is filled with stories like that. I enjoy talking to children and explaining why I look different from their parents.
It takes only one glance to see my uniqueness. I stand three feet nine inches tall. I was born an achondroplasia dwarf (侏儒). Despite this, I did all the things other kids did when I was growing up.
I didn’t realize how short I was until I started school. Some kids joked on me, calling me names. Then I knew. I began to hate the first day of school each year. New students would always stare at me as I struggled to climb the school bus stairs.
But I learned to smile and accept the fact that I was going to be noticed my whole life. I decided to make my uniqueness an advantage rather than a disadvantage. What I lacked in height, I made up for in personality.
I’m 47 now, and the stares have notdiminishedas I’ve grown older. People are amazed when they see me driving. I try to keep a good attitude. When people are rude, I remind myself, “Look what else I have--a great family, nice friends.”
It’s the children’s questions that make my life special. I enjoy answering their questions. My hope is that I will encourage them to accept their peers (a person of the same age, class, position, etc.), whatever size and shape they come in, and treat them with respect.
【小题1】Why did the mother apologize to the author?

A．Because the boy studied the author from head to toe.

B．Because the boy laughed at the author.

C．Because they boy said the author was shorter than him.

D．Because the mother thought the boy’s words had hurt the author.

【小题2】When did the author realize that she was too short?

A．When she grew up.

B．When she began to go to school.

C．When she was 47 years old.

D．When she met the boy in the supermarket.

【小题3】Which of the following word can best replace the underlined word “diminished”?

A．doubted	B．decreased
C．remained	D．improved

【小题4】Which is NOT true about the author according to the passage?

A．She suffered lots of discrimination when growing up.

B．She is grateful for what she has.

C．She doesn’t see herself different.

D．She thinks people should be treated equally.

Parents play a very important role in children’s development, but that doesn’t mean that parents should spend all their money in educating their children. Or else, it would be unfair to them. However, some modern Chinese parents often send their children to the best schools or even abroad to England, the United States or Australia without caring about the money. They also want their children to take extra-course activities where they will learn a musical instrument or ballet or other classes which will give them a head start in life. The Chinese believe that the more expensive an education is, the better it is. So the parents will spend an unreasonable amount of money on education. Even poor couples will buy a computer for their son or daughter.
However, what most parents fail to see is that the best early education they can give their children is usually very cheap.
Parents can see that their children’s skills vary, skilled in some areas while poor in others. What most parents fail to realize though, is that today’s children lack self-respect and self-confidence.
The problem is that parents are only educating their children on how to take multiple-choice tests and how to study well, but parents aren’t teaching them the most important skills they need to be confident, happy and clever.
Parents can achieve this by teaching practical skills like cooking, sewing and doing housework.
Teaching a child to cook will improve many of the skills that he will need later in life. Cooking demands patience and time. It’s an enjoyable but difficult experiment. A good cook always tries to improve his cooking, so he will learn to work hard and gradually to finish his job successfully. His result, a well-cooked dinner, will give him much satisfaction and a lot of self-confidence.
Some old machines , such as a broken radio or TV set that you give your children to play with will make him curious and arouse his interest. He will spend hours looking at them, trying to fix them; your child might become an engineer when he grows up. These activities aren’t merely teaching a child to read a book, but rather to think, to use his mind. And that is more important.
【小题1】According to this passage, there are some problems with _________.

A．the Chinese children’s skills

B．the education system of China

C．the Chinese parents’ idea of educating their children

D．the Chinese children’s hobbies

【小题2】The writer of this passage seems to agree that parents in China _______.

A．are too strict with their children

B．are too rich to educate their children

C．are too poor to educate their children

D．have some problems in educating their children correctly

【小题3】We can conclude that cooking at home helps children_________.

A．benefit from it and prepare themselves for the future

B．learn how to become strong and fat

C．learn how to serve their parents

D．make their parents believe that they are clever

【小题4】The last paragraph shows that_________.

A．broken radios and television sets are useful

B．an engineer must fix many broken radios

C．one’s curiosity may be useful for his later life

D．a good student should spend much time repairing radios

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，有两项为多余选项。
●Does failure really exist? If you believe you have failed, then you have. If you believe you don’t have the ability to succeed, then you don’t.【小题1】The moment you decide to give up or stop working toward your goals, failure is born.
●【小题2】Most people give themselves an out without even realizing it. They are willing to work hard on reaching their goals, but only until the going gets too rough or their energy dies down. Don’t do that!【小题3】Never quit, never admit failure, and never lose heart.
●Don’t believe in a clear finish line for goals.It’s a good idea to set a general timeline, but remember that something will be beyond your control.【小题4】If you lock yourself into a given timeline, you might make yourself feel like a failure! Instead, get a general idea of when you’d like your goal to be completed. Then take it one day at a time and focus on making progress instead of reaching the finish line in as little time as possible.
●Be sure that you don’t see difficulties as failures.Difficulties mean only one thing: it’s not time for your goal to be completed yet. That’s it! It doesn’t mean you failed; it doesn’t mean you’re weak; it doesn’t mean you’ll never achieve your goals.【小题5】You’ve got to keep moving forward and find a way over, around, or through the difficulties.

A．Never give up on yourself.

B．Failure only exists in your own mind!

C．That’s exactly how failure makes us feel.

D．It simply means you have not done enough yet.

E．You can never say exactly when your goal will be reached.

F．Instead, make up your mind to make your goal happen, no matter what!

G．Work hard towards your goal, and you will be likely to get good results.