题干

What is American Sign Language?

American Sign Language (ASL)is a complete, complex language that employs signs made by moving the hands combined with facial expressions and postures of the body. 【小题1】 It is also one of several communication options used by people who are  deaf or hard of hearing.

Is sign language the same in other countries?

No one form of sign language is universal. 【小题2】 For example, British Sign Language(BSL)is a different language from ASL, and Americans who know ASL may not understand BSL.

【小题3】

The exact beginnings of ASL are not clear, but some suggest that it arose more than 200 years ago from the intermixing of local sign languages and French Sign Language (LSF). Today's ASL includes some parts of LSF plus the original local sign languages , which over the years have combined and changed into a rich,complex, and mature language. Modern ASL and modern LSF are distinct languages. 【小题4】

How does ASL compare with spoken language?

【小题5】 But for people who are deaf (particularly those who are profoundly deaf), the sounds of speech are often not heard, and only some speech sounds can be seen on the lips. Sign languages are based on the idea that vision is the most useful tool a deaf person has to communicate and receive information.

A.Where did ASL come from?
B.How do most children learn ASL?
C.Different sign languages are used in different countries or regions.
D.It is the primary language of many North Americans who are deaf.
E.In spoken language, words are produced by using the mouth and voice to make sounds.
F.Parents should introduce a child who is deaf or hard of hearing to language as soon as possible.
G.While they still contain some similar signs, they can no longer be understood by each other’s users.
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同类题1

   Communication is part of our everyday life. Humans are social beings and we need to _______ other people. When we communicate, we can _______ both spoken and written language. But are they _______? The answer is “No”. Sometimes we have to communicate by using body movements instead of _______. This is called body language. Body language is very important in our life for several _______.

Firstly, it makes our communication more colorful. It’s really _______ to imagine a conversation without any body language _______. How dull and boring it will be to just talk without any gestures, facial expressions _______ any other body movements! Body language makes our talking more _______ and interesting.

Secondly, it makes our communication more ________. Sometimes a gesture or a facial expression can make us more easily and quickly understood. ________ a good speaker for example: his or her body movements will help him or her leave a deeper and stronger impression on ________.

Finally, sometimes we have to use body language. On some occasions, we are not allowed to speak ________. Examples of this are in the library or in the ________ classroom. Then body language will be quite ________. Also, when we meet someone in the street, there is no need for us to ________ for a chat, so a nod or wave of the hand may be OK.

Your body language sends a strong message to others, so be aware(意识到)that ________ you have your arms folded across your chest while you talk, you are ________ others out, for example. If you land an interview, mind your body language, ask good questions, and convey ________ and enthusiasm. Your body language indicates your level of self-esteem. So ________ body language is a crucial(关键性的)part of meeting someone new and cannot be overlooked.

【小题1】
A.compete withB.agree withC.play withD.live with
【小题2】
A.take control ofB.take advantage ofC.make use ofD.have responsibility for
【小题3】
A.enoughB.officialC.practicalD.useful
【小题4】
A.sentencesB.messagesC.wordsD.noises
【小题5】
A.situationsB.reasonsC.occasionsD.conditions
【小题6】
A.pleasantB.commonC.confusingD.hard
【小题7】
A.involvedB.performedC.talkedD.mixed
【小题8】
A.andB.butC.soD.or
【小题9】
A.meaningfulB.livelyC.silentD.convenient
【小题10】
A.humorousB.extraordinaryC.effectiveD.anxious
【小题11】
A.SetB.TakeC.MakeD.Turn
【小题12】
A.readersB.studentsC.listenersD.senders
【小题13】
A.quicklyB.secretlyC.loudlyD.publicly
【小题14】
A.emptyB.brightC.largeD.quiet
【小题15】
A.appropriateB.necessaryC.availableD.embarrassing
【小题16】
A.hurryB.stopC.sitD.hunt
【小题17】
A.thoughB.unlessC.untilD.if
【小题18】
A.pulingB.showingC.shuttingD.leaving
【小题19】
A.confidenceB.hopeC.kindnessD.importance
【小题20】
A.recognizingB.distinguishingC.concerningD.understanding

同类题3

   The word “ OK”, the most frequently spoken expression on the planet, celebrated its 178th anniversary (周年纪念日) on March 23.

Henry Nass, a 66-year-old retired English teacher, had spent the last few weeks handing out cards supporting “ Global OK Day” in advance of the coming anniversary.

The term “ OK” was born in the 19th century. Late etymologist Allen Walker Read found the twoletter word in 1839, when editors at The Boston Morning Post signed off on articles as “ all correct” with an “ OK” or “ oll correct”.

The word made it into print on March 23 of that year in an article against an editor in Providence who had said, wrongly, that a group of Bostonians heading for New York would pass through the Rhode Island capital. “We didn’t say a word about our group passing through the city of Providence,” The Boston Morning Post reported. “O. K. — all correct.”

The humour of the Providence-Boston joke has been lost to history — but the word OK took off from there, soon meaning agreement, acceptance, satisfaction, quality or likability. In 1840, it served as a slogan (口号) for President Martin Van Buren’s unsuccessful re-election campaign. OK was picked up by telegraph operators as an easy abbreviation (缩写词) to say they received transmission. “Buzz Aldrin’s first words spoken on the moon were ‘ OK. Engine stop,’” says Allan Metcalf, author of “OK: The Improbable Story of America’s Greatest Word”.

Modern texting has produced a new generation of abbreviations — BTW (by the way) and LOL (laugh out loud) among them, but none has replaced OK. That’s why many people support the English teacher’s call for an OK birthday celebration.

“We happen to know the exact date and place of the very first OK and that’s not very usual for many words, so why not celebrate that day?” says Metcalf.

【小题1】What does the passage mainly talk about?
A.The story behind the word “OK”.B.The origin of abbreviations.
C.The celebration of “Global OK Day”.D.The different meanings of “OK”.
【小题2】Why does the author mention the Providence-Boston joke?
A.To show readers why OK was invented.
B.To show the fierce competition between editors.
C.To draw our attention to the humour in Bostonians.
D.To present the first recorded use of “OK” in printed form.
【小题3】BTW and LOL are mentioned in the passage to tell us that __________ .
A.there are other abbreviations widely used in English
B.OK is the most popular one compared with other abbreviations
C.we should hold more anniversaries for the abbreviations
D.each abbreviation has its own story
【小题4】What’s Metcalf’s attitude towards “Global OK Day”?
A.Puzzling.B.Doubtful.
C.Favourable.D.Unconcerned.

同类题4

   Wouldn't it be wonderful to travel to a foreign country without having to worry about the headache of communicating in a different language?

In a recent Wall Street Journal article,technology policy expert Alec Ross argued that,within a decade or so,we would be able to communicate with one another via small earpieces with built-in microphones. That's because technological progress is extremely rapid. It's only a matter of time. Indeed,some parents are so convinced that this technology is imminent that they're wondering if their kids should learn a second language.

It's true that an increase in the quantity and accuracy of the data loaded into computers will make them cleverer at translating“Noes Bueno dormer mucho” into“It's not good to sleep too much”. Replacing a word with its equivalent(对等词)in the target language is actually the easy part of a translator's job. But even this seems to be a discouraging task for computers.

It's so difficult for computers because translation doesn't — or shouldn't — involve simply translating words,sentences or paragraphs. Rather,it's about translating meaning. And in order to infer meaning from a specific expression, humans have to interpret a mass of information at the same time. Think about all the related clues that go into understanding an expression: volume, gesture, situations, and even your culture. All are likely to convey as much meaning as the words you use.

Therefore, we should be very skeptical of a machine that is unable to interpret the world around us. If people from different cultures can offend each other without realizing it, how can we expect a machine to do better? Unless engineers actually find a way to breathe a soul into a computer, undoubtedly when it comes to conveying and interpreting meaning using a natural language, a machine will never fully take our place.

【小题1】What does the underlined word“imminent”in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A.Ready.B.Approaching.
C.Unpractical.D.Confusing.
【小题2】Why is it hard for computers to replace a word with its equivalent?
A.Their data is not adequate enough.
B.The real meaning of words can vary.
C.Their accuracy needs big improvement.
D.A soul hasn't been breathed in them.
【小题3】What view does the author hold about translation?
A.Proper translation can be tough for humans.
B.Slight distinctions matter little in translation.
C.Some machines will interpret our world properly.
D.Cultures deserve more attention than words used.
【小题4】What is the best title for the text?
A.An Expert's Precise Prediction
B.The Complexity of Translation
C.Who Will Be a Better Translator?
D.Will the Language Barrier Actually Fall?

同类题5

Learning a second language

Nowadays, more and more people are learning a second language. So why should we invest time in learning a second language? Is it worth it? What are the benefits of learning a second language? Let us see.
【小题1】
If your work involves regular contact with speakers of foreign languages, being able to talk to them in their own languages will help you to communicate with them better. It may also help you to make sales and to negotiate and secure contracts. Knowledge of foreign languages may also increase your chance of finding a new job, getting a promotion or a transfer overseas, or of going on foreign business trips.
【小题2】
Needless to say, being able to speak a foreign language, for example, the Japanese, would benefit you a lot when you are travelling to Japan. Being able to speak the language of the target country will save you a lot of communication trouble and inconvenience. 【小题3】
Education
If you are a high school student or a college student who is interested in going abroad for further education, then you will, in all possibility, have to learn the language of the country where you wish to move to, for further studies. 【小题4】
【小题5】
Learning a second language can help in broadening one’s horizon, it can help in learning about the culture of that particular country and it can pave the way for new interests and hobbies. Not only can you enjoy forms of art and literature connected with the new language, but you can also meet new people, make new friends and develop long-lasting relationships…all on the basis of learning a new language.
A.Travel
B.Career
C.Personal Growth
D.Challenging Yourself
E.You may be required to study a particular language at school, college or university.
F.If you are fond of tourism, then knowledge of the local language is a must—have to avoid bad experiences or discomfort.
G.In some cases or countries, being able to speak that country’s national language is a must for students wishing to pursue education in that country.