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This season millions of Americans will celebrate Thanksgiving Day with turkeys on the table. But the turkeys can't 【小题1】（consider）to have changed American culture more than their cousin，the chicken.

When English settlers arrived at Jamestown，they 【小题2】（bring）some chickens. However，the popularity of chickens soon disappeared because plenty of much tastier native animals appeared. But slaves who were not allowed 【小题3】（raise）horses，cattle or pigs benefited from the fact，especially those coming from West Africa，【小题4】 raising chickens had a long history. Many slaves could make money 【小题5】 raising chickens. At that time black cooks were in a position to influence their masters' 【小题6】（choose）of dishes，and they 【小题7】（nature）favored the chicken raised by their friends and relatives（亲戚）.One of the West African dishes 【小题8】（prefer）by white people was chicken pieces fried in oil-a dish that now，around the world，is considered American.

Nowadays chicken is cheap, and it has become Americans' favorite meat. In the land of the hamburger, we eat 【小题9】( much) of it than beef.

So as we celebrate and give thanks this season, take 【小题10】 moment to consider the chicken. The bird that gets little respect is the creature that has given us more than we know.

   Whether you’re eating at a fancy restaurant or dining in someone’s home, proper table manners are likely to help you make a good impression. According to a US expert, Emily Post, “All rules of table manners are made to avoid ugliness.”

While Henry Hitchings of the Los Angeles Times admits that good manners can reduce social conflict, he points out that mostly their purpose is protective — they turn our natural warrior^_ like selves into more elegant ones.

So where did table manners come from?

In medieval England, a writer named Petrus Alfonsi took the lead to urge people not to speak with their mouths full. And King David I of Scotland also proposed that any of his people who learned to eat more neatly be given a tax deduction (减除).

Disappointingly, that idea never caught on. It was during the Renaissance, when there were real technical developments, opinions of correct behavior changed for good. “None of these was more significant than the introduction of the table fork,” wrote Hitchings. “Gradually, as forks became popular, they brought the new way of eating, making it possible, for instance, to consume berries without making one’s fingers dirty.”

Forks were introduced to Britain in 1608 and 25 years later, the first table fork reached America. Yet while most of the essentials (基本要素) are the same on both sides of the Atlantic, there are a few clear differences between what’s normal in the US and what holds true in the UK. For example, in the US, when food needs cutting with a knife, people generally cut a bite, then lay aside the knife and switch the fork to their right hand. Then they pick up one bite at a time. By contrast, Britons keep the fork in the left hand and don’t lay the knife down.

Though globalization has developed a new, simpler international standard of table manners, some people still stick with the American cut-and-switch method. The Los Angeles Times noted, “They are hanging on to a form of behavior that favors manners above efficiency.”

【小题1】What does the story mainly talk about?

A．The importance of proper table manners.

B．The development of table manners in Western countries.

C．Some unwritten rules of table manners in the US and UK.

D．Differences between American and British table manners.

【小题2】The underlined phrase “caught on” in the passage probably means ________.

A．worked in practice

B．became popular

C．drew attention

D．had a positive effect

【小题3】Which of the following events influenced people’s table manners most according to the article?

A．The introduction of forks.

B．The tax deduction policy.

C．The rise of the Renaissance.

D．Petrus Alfonsi’s efforts in promoting table manners.

【小题4】What can we conclude from the article?

A．British and American table manners are completely different from each other.

B．American people pay more attention to their table manners than British people do.

C．With globalization, the American cut-and-switch method has been abandoned in the US.

D．British people’s way of using a knife and fork may be more efficient than American people’s.

短文改错

I'm glad to know that you had an interest in Chinese food. Here I'd like tell you something about it. Chinese food is famous as its wide variety. The food in one area can be easy told from that in one another. For example，Shanghai food，a little bit sweet，differ from Sichuan food，which is rather hot. However，every kind of Chinese food is worth trying，because each has the delicious taste and is good for health. Since the restaurant in China usually serves special dishes of different area，you can enjoy various Chinese food whenever you are. I'm looking forward to meet you here so that I can tell you more about Chinese food.

Food serves as a form of communication in two fundamental ways. Sharing bread or other foods is a common human tradition that can promote unity and trust. Food can also have a specific meaning, and play a significant role in a family or culture's celebrations or traditions. The foods we eat—and when and how we eat them—are often unique to a particular culture or may even differ between rural (农村的) and urban areas within one country.
Sharing bread, whether during a special occasion (时刻) or at the family dinner table, is a common symbol of togetherness. Many cultures also celebrate birthdays and marriages with cakes that are cut and shared among the guests. Early forms of cake were simply a kind of bread, so this tradition hits its roots in the custom of sharing bread.
Food also plays an important role in many New Year celebrations. In the southern United States, pieces of corn bread represent blocks of gold for prosperity (兴旺) in the New Year. In Greece, people share a special cake called vasilopita. A coin is put into the cake, which signifies (预示) success in the New Year for the person who receives it.
Many cultures have ceremonies to celebrate the birth of a child, and food can play a significant role. In China, when a baby is one month old, families name and welcome their child in a celebration that includes giving red-colored eggs to guests. In many cultures, round foods such as grapes, bread, and moon cakes are eaten at welcome celebrations to represent family unity.
Nutrition is necessary for life, so it is not surprising that food is such an important part of different cultures around the world.
【小题1】According to the passage, sharing bread______.

A．indicates a lack of food

B．can help to develop unity

C．is a custom unique to rural areas

D．has its roots in birthday celebrations

【小题2】What does the coin in vasilopita signify for its receiver in the New Year?

A．Trust.	B．Success.
C．Health.	D．Togetherness.

【小题3】The author explains the role of food in celebrations by______.

A．using examples	B．making comparisons
C．analyzing causes	D．describing processes

【小题4】What is the passage mainly about?

A．The custom of sharing food.

B．The specific meaning of food.

C．The role of food in ceremonies.

D．The importance of food in culture.

   Michelin inspectors，the super secret spies of the restaurant industry，are the anonymous（匿名的）keepers of the famous Michelin star rating. They've been writing anonymous reports of restaurants for over 100 years.

"We say it's a little like the CIA，"said inspector "M" with a laugh. She asked that her identity not be revealed. "My whole life is staying under the radar，staying away from cameras，using fake names，trying to steal in and out of restaurants quietly."

Along with their boss，Jean-Luc Naret，the director of the Michelin Guide，about 90 inspectors around the world decide which restaurants will win the cooking equivalent（等价物）of an Oscar，the Nobel Prize and Mega Millions jackpot（头奖）all at once. The Michelin Guide covers 23 countries，and out of the45，000 rated restaurants，less than 100 have the top rating — only nine American restaurants carry three stars.

If the name "Michelin" brings the tires on your car to mind，you're not too far off. The Michelin rating began in France in 1900 as a marketing trick. The Michelin brothers thought their customers would buy more tires if given a list of hotels and restaurants to explore.

Inspector "M" admitted being an inspector leads to a lonely dining life. " Most of the time we dine alone，"she said. "It gives us the ability to really focus on the food and the atmosphere and capture the entire experience. "To cover their tracks，"M" said sometimes two inspectors will dine together and write two separate papers. It's better than saying "table for one"，right？

"When you're really，really into food and very crazy about food，everything else that's going on around you isn't so important，" she said.

【小题1】The underlined words "under the radar" in Paragraph 2 mean "___________"

A．living in danger

B．being the focus of the media

C．trying to be unnoticed

D．making programs on the radio

【小题2】The Michelin rating was first carried out in order to _____________.

A．open more hotels and restaurants

B．bring more convenience to drivers

C．make people familiar with "Michelin"

D．make a profit by selling more tires

【小题3】Sometimes two inspectors dine together so that they can ___________.

A．cut the expense on the food

B．protect their identities

C．save trouble by sharing a paper

D．talk about the food over the meal

【小题4】What would be the best title for the text？

A．"M" works for the CIA

B．The legend of Michelin brothers

C．Michelin inspectors: food industry spies

D．Michelin — a giant in tire and restaurant industry