2014年初中毕业升学考试(江苏常州卷)数学(带解析)

适用年级:初三
试卷号:72113

试卷类型:中考真题
试卷考试时间:2017/7/26

1.单选题(共4题)

1.
的相反数是()
A.B.C.D.
2.
甲,乙两人以相同路线前往距离单位10的培训中心参加学习.图中分别表示甲,乙两人前往目的地所走的路程s随时间(分)变化的函数图象.以下说法:①乙比甲提前12分钟到达;②甲的平均速度为15千米/小时;③乙走了8后遇到甲;④乙出发6分钟后追上甲.其中正确的有()

A. 4个 B. 3个 C. 2个 D. 1个
3.
的相反数是()
A.2B.C.D.
4.
下列运算正确的是()
A.B.C.D.

2.选择题(共9题)

5.已知某染色体上的DNA分子中G碱基的比例为20%,则由此DNA克隆出来的某基因中碱基C的比例是(    )
6.金鱼的正常眼(A)对龙眼(a)为显性,但是金鱼体内还存在另外一对基因B和b,基因B存在时会抑制基因a的表达,最终形成正常眼。现选择两个纯合的正常眼金鱼杂交,F1全为正常眼,F1的雌雄个体自由交配,F2出现龙眼。下列说法中不正确的是(    )
7.在人体中存在两种类型的突触,下图表示兴奋传来后这两类突触的突触后膜电位变化情况(乙酰胆碱和Gly为神经递质),下列有关叙述错误的是(    )

8.阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、 B 、C 、D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

    Annie, my neighbor's daughter, was away for her first term at college this year. She is a very sweet girl but just a bit shy. When her birthday month 1, I found out she was feeling a bit blue and 2.

    Her family is quite 3 and finances are tight, so there wouldn't be any birthday visitors.

    I wanted to send her a card and maybe a small gift to 4 her up. I got her school address from her mom and planned to 5 send her something. Then I got a(n) 6!  I thought perhaps I could give her a big 7. I bought some balloons, birthday hats and other small novelties (新奇玩意) at a one-dollar 8.  I took a small 9 and asked three other people in my area to sing Happy Birthday and send some birthday 10 to her. Other people found out 11 we were doing and added their voices, 12 it really sounded like we had a party 13 .

    Then I bought her a small present and a card as 14 originally. The real fun was 15 it to be sent. I arranged everything specially so it was like opening a birthday present!

    At the last minute, I added a pack of small cakes and a box of birthday 16 before sending it off. 

    I got a call a few days later. Annie said her roommate and one of her neighbors in her school got together with her and held the party for her once it arrived. She sounded so 17 and I was so glad that she had some friends to 18 her special day with her.

    It was such an easy and fun thing to do. The people who helped me make the tape still laughed and talked about the 19 experience. And Annie told me it was the most fun birthday she can 20!

9.下列关于“DNA粗提取与鉴定”的实验,叙述正确的是(    )
10.人类遗传病的共同特点是(    )
11.人类遗传病的共同特点是(    )
12.用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
13.在某草原生态系统的一条食物链A→B→C中,各种群一年时间内能量的同化、利用和传递等的统计(单位:百万千焦/年)如下表。下列相关叙述正确的是(    )

种群

输入的

总能童

用于生长发育

和繁殖的能量

呼吸

消耗

传递给

分解者

传递给下一营养级

未被利用 的能量

A



65.5

3.0

15.0

41.5

B

15.0

5


0.5


2.5

C

2

0.6

1.4

微量(不计)


3.填空题(共7题)

14.
计算:=    = = = .
15.
因式分解:= .
16.
已知反比例函数,则自变量的取值范围是 ;若式子的值为0,则=
17.
已知关于x的方程x2﹣3x+m=0的一个根是1,则m=______,另一个根为______.
18.
在平面直角坐标系xOy中,已知一次函数的图像经过点P(1,1),与x轴交于点A,与y轴交于点B,且∠ABO=3,那么A点的坐标是_______
19.
在平面直角坐标系xOy中,一次函数的图象与函数的图象相交于点A,B.设点A的坐标为(x1,y1),那么长为x1,宽为y1的矩形的面积为 ,周长为 .
20.
若∠=30°,则∠的余角等于 度,的值为 .

4.解答题(共6题)

21.
计算与化简:
(1)计算:
(2)化简:
22.
解不等式组和分式方程:
(1)解不等式组:
(2)解分式方程:
23.
我们用表示不大于的最大整数,例如:;用表示大于的最小整数,例如:.解决下列问题:
(1)= ,,=
(2)若=2,则的取值范围是 ;若=-1,则的取值范围是
(3)已知满足方程组,求的取值范围.
24.
某小商场以每件20元的价格购进一种服装,先试销一周,试销期间每天的销量(件)与每件的销售价x(元/件)如下表:
x(元/件)
38
36
34
32
30
28
26
t(件)
4
8
12
16
20
24
28
 
(1)试求t与x之间的函数关系式;
(2)在商品不积压且不考虑其它因素的条件下,每件服装的销售定价为多少时,该小商场销售这种服装每天获得的毛利润最大?每天的最大毛利润是多少?(注:每件服装销售的毛利润=每件服装的销售价-每件服装的进货价)
25.
已知:如图,点C为AB中点,CD=BE,CD∥BE.求证:△ACD≌△CBE.
26.
为迎接“六一”儿童节的到来,某校学生参加献爱心捐款活动,随机抽取该校部分学生的捐款数进行统计分析,相应数据的统计图如下:
(1)该校本的容量是 ,样本中捐款15元的学生有 人;
(2)若该校一共有500名学生,据此样本估计该校学生的捐款总数.
试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    单选题:(4道)

    选择题:(9道)

    填空题:(7道)

    解答题:(6道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:0

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:9

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:4

    9星难题:4