山东省菏泽市定陶县2017-2018学年八年级(上)期末数学试卷

适用年级:初二
试卷号:590746

试卷类型:期末
试卷考试时间:2018/8/16

1.单选题(共5题)

1.
已知关于x的分式方程的解为非负数,则a的取值范围是(   )
A.a≤2B.a<2C.a≤2且a≠﹣4D.a<2且a≠﹣4
2.
当x=(   )时,互为相反数.
A.B.C.D.
3.
如图,直线l∥m∥n,等边△ABC的顶点B、C分别在直线n和m上,边BC与直线n所夹的角为25°,则∠α的度数为(  )

A. 25° B. 45° C. 35° D. 30°
4.
一组数据3,4,x,6,7的平均数是5,则这组数据的中位数和方差分别是(   )
A.4和2B.5和2C.5和4D.4和4
5.
在式子:,9x+中,分式的个数是(  )
A.2B.3C.4D.5

2.选择题(共5题)

6.

读我国四个重要的铁路枢纽示意图,铁路枢纽和铁路干线名称完全正确的是(  )

7.

根据短文内容,完成下列表格。

      An American named Crum invented potato chips in 1853, although that was not his intention (意图). He was a chef(厨师长) at a beautiful restaurant in Saratoga Springs, New York. A regular dish on the menu was fried (油炸的) potatoes, which was an idea that had started in France. At that time, French fried potatoes were cut into thick slices (片).

      One day, a dinner guest at the restaurant sent back his fried potatoes to the chef because he did not like them so thick. So Mr. Crum cut the potatoes a little thinner and fried them. The guest did not like those either. That made Mr. Crum angry, so he thought he would just show the man. He sliced the potatoes paper-thin and fried them, thinking that the man would say nothing about it. However, to his surprise, the man loved the thin potatoes very much. Other guests tried them and also liked them. So, Mr. Crum's potato chips were added to the menu. They were called Saratoga Chips.

      Finally, Mr. Crum opened his own restaurant to sell his famous chips. Now potato chips are packaged (包装) and sold in stores.

Who invented {#blank#}1{#/blank#}?

{#blank#}2{#/blank#} was an American chef at a restaurant.

A dinner guest {#blank#}3{#/blank#} his fried potatoes to the chef because they were so thick.

The chef was probably glad in the end because {#blank#}4{#/blank#}.

Now potato chips are packaged and sold {#blank#}5{#/blank#}.

8.

动、植物细胞共有的结构是(  )

9.下列景象中,能说明分子在永不停息地运动的是(   )
10.下列景象中,能说明分子在永不停息地运动的是(   )

3.填空题(共7题)

11.
已知y﹣x=3xy,则代数式的值为_____.
12.
已知,则整式A-B=__________.
13.
当x=____时,分式的值为零.
14.
如图,已知△ABC的周长是21,OBOC分别平分∠ABC和∠ACBODBCD,且OD=4,△ABC的面积是_____.
15.
如图,已知AB∥CD,BC∥DE.若∠A=20°,∠C=120°,则∠AED的度数是________ .
16.
如图,ABCD的周长为16cm,AC、BD相交于点O,OE⊥AC交AD于E,则△DCE的周长为________
17.
已知一组数据x1,x2,x3,x4,x5的平均数是2,那么另一组数据2x1﹣1,2x2﹣1,2x3﹣1,2x4﹣1,2x5﹣1的平均数是_____.

4.解答题(共8题)

18.
解下列分式方程:
(1)
(2).
19.
(题文)(题文)若关于x的方程有增根,求增根和k的值.
20.
张家界市为了治理城市污水,需要铺设一段全长为300米的污水排放管道,铺设120米后,为了尽可能减少施工对城市交通所造成的影响,后来每天的工作量比原计划增加20%,结果共用了27天完成了这一任务,求原计划每天铺设管道多少米?
21.
如图,在△ABC中,点EBC上,CDABEFAB,垂足分别为DF
(1)CDEF平行吗?为什么?
(2)如果∠1=∠2,且∠3=115°,求∠ACB的度数.
22.
如图,在四边形ABCD中,BC>BA,AD=CD,BD平分∠ABC,
求证:∠A+∠C=180°.
23.
正方形ABCD中,P为对角线BD上一点,PE⊥BC,垂足为E,PF⊥CD, 垂足为F,
求证:EF=AP
24.
两组数据:3,a,2b,5与a,6,b的平均数都是8,若将这两组数据合并为一组数据.
(1)求出a,b的值;
(2)求这组数据的众数和中位数.
25.
已知:如图,EF是四边形ABCD的对角线AC上的两点,AF=CEDF=BEDFBE

求证:(1)△AFD≌△CEB.(2)四边形ABCD是平行四边形.
试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    单选题:(5道)

    选择题:(5道)

    填空题:(7道)

    解答题:(8道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:0

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:13

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:2

    9星难题:5