广东省梅州市大埔县2018-2019学年七年级下学期期末历史试题

适用年级:初一
试卷号:378306

试卷类型:期末
试卷考试时间:2019/7/21

1.综合题(共1题)

1.
阅读下列材料,回答问题。
材料一:贞观十五年(641年)正月,……赞普亲自到柏海迎接公主。回到吐蕃后,他对亲近的人说:“我父祖未有通婚上国者,今我得尚大唐公主,为幸实多。”

——选自《中华上下五千年》

(1)材料一中吐蕃人是现在哪个少数民族的祖先?材料中的“赞普”、“公主”分别指谁?
材料二:唐太宗:“自古皆贵(认为…尊贵)中华,贱(轻视)夷狄,联独爱之如一。”…唐朝时期,各族之间战事较少,和平共处,共同发展成为主流,中华文明进人一个新的高峰。

——司马光《资治通鉴》

(2)材料二中的“中华”“夷狄”分别指的是什么?它表明了唐太宗实行怎样的民族政策?唐太宗由此获得了什么尊称?
材料三:使明代初期昱得与众不同,但又同汉、唐,宋等朝代初期业绩典范相称的举措,是将帝国的骄傲播向四方,尤其是他们惊人的海上远征。

——《亚洲史》

(3)材料三中明代初期“惊人的海上远征”主要由谁领导?这次“海上远征”有什么重大历史意义?

2.选择题(共20题)

2.
1260年,忽必烈继承汗位后,接受汉族儒臣提出的“行汉法”“行仁政”“不嗜杀”的建议的目的是
A.缓和社会矛盾,维护社会稳定,促进经济发展,完成统一大业
B.维护中原地区人民的利益
C.削弱蒙古贵族势力
D.实现蒙古草原的统一
3.
元朝增设的专门负责对全国佛教事务和藏族管理,同时也负责管理西藏事务的机构是
A.中书省
B.宣政院
C.行中书省
D.澎湖巡检司
4.
2018年全国各省份一季度GDP增速排名一季度经济总量广东、江苏两省GDP总量均超过两万亿,遥遥领先于其他省份,这表明南方依然是我国经济的重心,这种现象最早确立于
A.隋朝中后期
B.唐朝中后期
C.北宋中期
D.南宋时期
5.
英国著名学者李约瑟博士曾说:“每当人们在中国文献中查找任何一个具体的科技史料时,往往会发现它的主要焦点就在宋代。“我国宋代重大的科技成就是(  )
①造纸术的发明
②活字印刷术的发明
③指南针的广泛使用
④火药的广泛使用
A.①②B.①③C.①②③D.②③④
6.
南宋时期,有一位阿拉伯商人运载一批货物到泉州销售,他抵达泉州后应该到哪个机构办理手续
A.西域都护
B.市舶司
C.福建行省
D.宣政院
7.
北宋开国皇帝赵匡胤曾对大臣赵普说:“五代藩镇残虐,民受其祸,朕今选儒臣干事者百余,分治各藩,纵皆贪蚀,亦未及武臣一人也。”宋太祖据此思想所采取的措施是
A.将主要将领兵权收归中央B.抽调地方精兵充实禁军
C.中央派文官担任地方长官D.地方赋税全部由中央掌控
8.
两宋时,为了提高粮食产量,从下列哪一个国家引进了优良品种占城稻( )
A.越南B.朝鲜C.印度D.日本
9.
随着电视剧《穆桂英挂帅》的热播,杨家将的故事更加深入民间,它反映了“澶渊之盟”订立之前争战的两个政权是()
A.北宋与辽B.北宋与金C.南宋与辽D.南宋与金
10.阅读理解

    Jack was born without eyes. He's very lucky with his timing. He grew up having other kittens to play and socialize with, and was used to people from the moment he was born since there are always kids hanging around the barn. He was a favorite amongst the students at the barn. However, when it came time to find the kittens homes, no one knew where Jack would end up. That's when I got an e-mail from my friend. All she asked was “Do you still want one of the kittens? There's one here with no eyes and no one can take him.” Without thinking I told her that I did want the kitten.

    When we first brought him home Jack stayed mostly in my room. He walked cautiously around, sniffing everything. After about a day he had no issues running around, jumping onto my bed and climbing on everything. He went through a time where he could climb the stairs, but couldn't get down. He would sit at the top and cry until someone came and got him. Every now and then when he gets disoriented he'll stop and cry. But we just call his name and talk to him and it isn't long before he finds his way back to us.

    Also, a few weeks after getting Jack, we got a new barn cat named Bear. I always take Jack outside at that time for some fresh air and exercise. He loves to run (at top speed!) around the back yard and gardens. Bear and Jack have become best friends. It doesn't matter that he can't see, Jack always knows when Bear is around. He'll run across the yard straight to Bear and wrap his front legs around his neck in a big hug. They chase each other around and wrestle, and when they're tired they'll lie down in the grass together.

    Jack is truly an inspiration. I've owned a lot of kittens in my life, but Jack is the happiest, most playful of them all. He doesn't feel sorry for himself. Heck, for all he knows, all cats are just like him. People who know Jack don't feel sorry for him. They cherish him for the treasure that he is. I have talked to a few people who haven't met him personally who tend to pity him, but they just don't understand. Jack doesn't need pity. I think Jean (who has Gumbo the eyeless ginger) said it best when she told me that cats don't have disabilities, they have adaptabilities.

11.
“朝廷在故都时,实仰东南财赋,而吴中又为东南之根柢。语曰:‘苏湖熟,天下足’”南宋诗人陆游这段话中的“故都”是指(  )
A.长安
B.临安
C.建康
D.东京
12.
明朝有不少只会背诵四书五经的书呆子却能考中科举做上高官,这是因为明朝政府实行
A.举荐制
B.官位世袭制
C.八股取士
D.恩荫制
13.
“天朝物产丰盈,无所不有,原不籍外夷货物以通有无”。在此思想影响下,清朝统治者实行
A.君主专制
B.朝贡贸易
C.闭关锁国
D.重农抑商
14.
下列不属于清朝政府加强对西藏地区管辖的措施是
A.册封达赖五世为“达赖喇嘛”
B.册封班禅五世为“班禅额尔德尼”
C.设立澎湖巡检司
D.在拉萨设置驻藏大臣
15.
据载,乾隆时期己拥有“十万烟火”“富甲天下”“地值寸金”的城市是
A.苏州
B.扬州
C.北京
D.杭州
16.
河北承德普陀宗乘之庙竖有乾隆帝撰写的《土尔扈特全部归顺记》和《优恤土尔扈特部众记》两块巨大的石碑,用来纪念土尔扈特回归祖国。清朝时领导土尔扈特回归祖国的首领是
A.渥巴锡
B.元昊
C.努尔哈赤
D.阿保机
17.
乾隆皇帝为巩固统一的多民族国家做出了许多努力,他自称有“十全武功”。下列属于“十全武功”之一的是
A.收复台湾
B.组织雅克萨之战
C.平定倭患
D.平定大小和卓叛乱
18.
郑成功写信给荷兰殖民头目揆一说:“此地亦必归中国同一政府之管辖,事实证明隔海两边地区之居民皆系中国人。”郑成功所说的“此地”是指(  )
A.香港B.台湾C.澳门D.新疆
19.
2015年,中国科学家屠呦呦获得了诺贝尔生理学医学奖,这是我们中国人的骄傲。在我国古代,有一项被西方国家称为“东方医学巨典”的著作,它是(  )
A.《天工开物》B.《齐民要术》C.《农政全书》D.《本草纲目》
20.
小华找来《康雍乾三朝史录》《论军机处与极权政治》《“文字狱”的研究》三本书,计划写一篇小论文.下列最可能成为这篇论文题目的是(  )
A.古代中央集权制度的形成与发展
B.明清的君主专制
C.浅议焚书坑儒
D.清代君主专制制度的强化
21.
“以和为贵”、“和平交往”是中华民族的优良传统。在古代对外开放中体现这一优良传统的是
①丝绸之路
②鉴真东渡
③郑和下西洋
④戚继光抗倭
A.①②③
B.①③④
C.①②④
D.②③④
试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    综合题:(1道)

    选择题:(20道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:1

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:4

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:11

    9星难题:4