2014-2015学年安徽省涡阳五中南校八年级下学期期中考试生物试卷(带解析)

适用年级:初二
试卷号:351091

试卷类型:期中
试卷考试时间:2015/5/21

1.连线题(共1题)

1.
请用直线将鸟卵的部分结构与其相对应的功能连接起来。(4分)
A 卵白    a 保护卵的内部结构
B 卵黄    b 能为胚胎发育提供养料和水分
C 胚盘    c 胚胎发育的主要营养来源
D 卵壳    d 含细胞核,是将来孵化成雏鸟的重要结构

2.综合题(共2题)

2.
你读过《红楼梦》这部小说吗?小说中的人物林黛玉是贾母的外孙女,贾宝玉是贾母的孙子,他们的爱情悲剧让读者唏嘘不已。从科学的角度来看,宝玉和黛玉结婚合适吗?为什么?(10分)
3.
玉米、水稻和马的体细胞中的染色体数分别是10对、12对和32对,他们产生的精子和卵细胞中的染色体数目分别是多少条?还成双成对吗?(10分)

3.判断题(共3题)

4.
子女和父母相似,是由于子女遗传了父母的性状。     (________)
5.
基因是指具有遗传效应的DNA片段.(_____)
6.
一对正常毛色的孟加拉虎生下一只白色的幼虎,这一定是基因突变的结果。(____)

4.单选题(共14题)

7.
鸟类筑巢主要是为了()
A.休息B.求偶C.避雨D.产卵、孵卵和育雏
8.
植物经过两性生殖细胞的结合,形成了(   )
A.卵细胞B.胚珠C.受精卵D.子房
9.
蝌蚪的主要特点是(  )
A.无尾,用肺呼吸B.有尾,用肺呼吸
C.有尾,用鳃呼吸D.无尾,用鳃呼吸
10.
家蚕的生殖和发育方式分别是(  )
A.有性生殖,不完全变态B.无性生殖,不完全变态
C.有性生殖,完全变态 D.无性生殖,完全变态
11.
下列能够表现隐形性状的基因是(    )
A.DDB.aaC.AaD.Dd
12.
基因存在于(    )
A.染色体上B.细胞膜上C.蛋白质上D.细胞质中
13.
湖南省湘潭市的市花—菊花,品种繁多,花色多样。产生这种现象的根本原因是(  )
A.生物的遗传B.光照的不同C.生物的变异D.环境温度的不同
14.
出现成语“南橘北枳”现象的原因是(  )
A.遗传B.进化C.基因突变D.变异
15.
宇航员将一些种子带上太空,让种子中的遗传物质发生改变,从而培育出新品种。对新品种与原品种差异的最准确表述是(  )
A.遗传B.变异C.不遗传的变异D.可遗传的变异
16.
生物进化最直接的证据是(  )
A.比较解剖B.化石C.细胞学D.生物化学
17.
使生物容易生存的变异是(   )
A.适者生存B.用进废退C.遗传变异D.可遗传变异
18.
在生物进化论中,提出 “自然选择学说”的科学家是(  )
A.林奈B.达尔文C.巴斯德D.虎克
19.
原始生命形成的场所是()
A.原始大气
B.原始海洋
C.陆地上
D.大气层中
20.
在动物进化历程中,最先从水中登陆的脊椎动物是
A.鸟类B.两栖动物C.爬行动物D.哺乳动物

5.选择题(共2题)

21.

   “Cool”is a word with many meanings.Its old meaning is used to express a temperature that is a little bit cold.As the world has changed,the word has had many different meanings. 
   “Cool”can be used to express feelings of interest in almost anything.
   When you see a famous car in the street,maybe you will say,“It's cool.”You may think,“He's so cool,”when you see your favourite footballer. 
   We all maximize(扩大) the meaning of“cool”.You can use it instead of many words such as “new” or “surprising”.Here's an interesting story we can use to show the way the word is used.A teacher asked her students to write about the waterfall(瀑布)they had visited.On one student's paper was Just the one sentence,“It's so cool.Maybe he thought it was the best way to show what he saw and felt. 
   But the story also shows a scarcity(缺乏)of words.Without “cool”,some people have no words to show the same meaning.So it is quite important to keep some credibility(可信性).Can you think of many other words that make your life as colourful as the word “cool”? I can.And I think they are also very cool.

22.

   “Cool”is a word with many meanings.Its old meaning is used to express a temperature that is a little bit cold.As the world has changed,the word has had many different meanings. 
   “Cool”can be used to express feelings of interest in almost anything.
   When you see a famous car in the street,maybe you will say,“It's cool.”You may think,“He's so cool,”when you see your favourite footballer. 
   We all maximize(扩大) the meaning of“cool”.You can use it instead of many words such as “new” or “surprising”.Here's an interesting story we can use to show the way the word is used.A teacher asked her students to write about the waterfall(瀑布)they had visited.On one student's paper was Just the one sentence,“It's so cool.Maybe he thought it was the best way to show what he saw and felt. 
   But the story also shows a scarcity(缺乏)of words.Without “cool”,some people have no words to show the same meaning.So it is quite important to keep some credibility(可信性).Can you think of many other words that make your life as colourful as the word “cool”? I can.And I think they are also very cool.

6.填空题(共4题)

23.
染色体是由__________和______________构成的。
24.
家蚕通过有性生殖方式产生后代,其生殖发育过程要经过_____、___   、_   _ 和 _______ 四个发育时期 。(4分)
25.
生物的性状是由______控制的。它是具有______效应的DNA片段。
26.
相对性状指的是____种生物同一性状的___ _表现形式。(2分)
试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    连线题:(1道)

    综合题:(2道)

    判断题:(3道)

    单选题:(14道)

    选择题:(2道)

    填空题:(4道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:0

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:11

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:13

    9星难题:0